Fire NOC for a coaching centre: when it is needed, what the courts ordered and what it costs
Updated By Flamekite Editorial DeskFacts checked against official sources on
Quick answer
A coaching centre is an educational building in the fire codes once it teaches 20 or more students, and Delhi's building bye-laws say so in terms for coaching centres of more than 20. In Delhi that brings it under Rule 27 above 9 m or 3 storeys, and the Supreme Court dismissed the coaching federation's challenge on 5 August 2024 with Rs 1,00,000 costs. Rajasthan's 2023 fire order lists coaching centres with hospitals and, in its urban areas, asks a NOC of every such building.
Coaching laws add their own conditions. Rajasthan's Act 16 of 2025 makes a centre of more than 100 students obtain a Fire and Building Safety Certificate, but its start date had not been notified by 25 October 2026. Bihar and Manipur require fire extinguishers and 1 m² per student, and Rajasthan's building rules bar classrooms from basements, as NBCS 2026 advises.
- Delhi: coaching is educational above
- 20 students
- UBBL 2016 as amended on 12 February 2020
- The definitions
- Delhi institutes with a fire certificate, 2023
- 67 of 583
- Delhi Police figures in the High Court
- The orders
Free, on WhatsApp. Or set a renewal reminder
Fire NOC for a coaching centre at a glance: 10 facts
| What | The rule | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Occupancy in NBCS 2026 | Group B Educational: school, college and other training institutions with not less than 20 students | BIS, SP 7:2026 |
| Occupancy in NBC 2016 | Group B; B-2 covers all other and training institutions, 100 students or more | BIS, NBC 2016 Part 4 |
| Delhi bye-law line | Educational buildings include coaching centres for more than 20 students (UBBL 1.4.75(b), amended 12 February 2020) | DDA, UBBL 2016 |
| Delhi fire NOC line | Educational buildings over 9 m or with 3 or more storeys (Rule 27 as amended) | DFS |
| Supreme Court, 5 August 2024 | Challenge to the Delhi High Court called "totally frivolous"; Rs 1,00,000 costs; case widened to the NCR | Supreme Court order |
| Rajasthan fire order, 2023 | Coaching centres and training institutes sit in the institutional row with hospitals: all buildings | Rajasthan UDH |
| Rajasthan coaching Act | Act 16 of 2025, assent 23 September 2025: a Fire and Building Safety Certificate for centres of more than 100 students; in force from a date not yet notified | Rajasthan Act 16/2025 |
| Basement classrooms | Not permitted for coaching centres under Rajasthan's Reg 4.6.2(iv); NBCS 2026 names classrooms among uses to keep out of basements | Rajasthan UDH |
| Ministry of Education guidelines | Circulated on 16 January 2024 for States to consider; advisory, not law | Rajya Sabha AU983 |
| National code status | NBC 2016 was withdrawn on 30 April 2026; NBCS 2026 is voluntary, and only Assam had written it into its fire law by 24 October 2026 | Assam Act XIII of 2026 |
Coaching centre fire NOC lines in 20 states and UTs
| Option | When a coaching centre is caught | Coaching rule beside it | Instrument | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Delhi | Coaching for more than 20 students is an educational building; Rule 27 covers it over 9 m or 3 storeys | MPD-2021 cl. 15.7.3(vii): mixed-use coaching up to 500 sqm built area and basement; basement use needs fire clearance | UBBL 2016 as amended 2020; DFS Rules 2010, Rule 27; High Court order of 14 December 2023 | Delhi High Court |
| Rajasthan | Every coaching centre building in a notified urban area: the institutional row of Table 1 | New coaching buildings: plot of 500 m², 1.75 m² a student, no basement classrooms, fire NOC (Reg 4.6.2) | UDH and LSG order of 14 September 2023; UDH order of 29 May 2026 | Rajasthan UDH |
| Himachal Pradesh | "Hostel and coaching centres used for not less than 20 students" (class 16) | Building plans above 15 m also need the NOC (s.15-A) | Notification of 23 July 2019 under s.9 | HP Home notification |
| Chhattisgarh | Under 25 students, under 9 m and up to 1,000 m²: moderate risk, 2 years; over 25 students, over 9 m and over 1,000 m²: high risk, 1 year | A centre of over 25 students at 9 m or less fits neither tier | HQ order 204/Agnishaman/2025 of 16 October 2025 | Fire and Emergency Services and SDRF, Chhattisgarh |
| Gujarat | Other educational and training institutions over 9 m, or with a floor over 500 m² | "Coaching Class" above 9 m renews through a Fire Safety Officer of grade G, A or S | Fire Regulations 2023, Tables 1 and 2 | Gujarat Fire Safety Compliance Portal |
| Tripura | Coaching centres sit in B-1 with schools, from 20 students | B-1 names "Coaching Center including dance, painting, etc." | Fire Safety Rules 2026, Schedule I | Directorate of Fire and Emergency Services, Tripura |
| Punjab | No height line published; the fee letter has a row for coaching centres in mixed use | Mixed use (coaching centres, shops, offices) up to 15 m: Rs 20,000; certificate renewed every year | Fee letter 41343 of 8 October 2021 | Local Govt Punjab |
| Jammu and Kashmir | "Education Coaching centre" is listed in use classes C2 and C3; clause 2.18(2) asks a fire NOC for C3, not C2 | Parking: 1 ECS for every 20 coaching students | Unified Building Bye-laws 2021 | J&K H&UDD |
| Uttarakhand | Plan permission for schools above 12 m and above 500 m² (s.18) | A coaching centre on one floor under 500 m²: extinguishers and automatic extinguishers on panel, UPS and DG set | Act as amended 2022; low-rise order of 6 June 2025 | Uttarakhand GO 2025 |
| Bihar | Educational 9 m or more, or a floor over 500 m² (rule 15(a)) | Coaching Act 2010: more than 10 students register with the DM; fire extinguishers; 1 m² a student | Fire Service Rules 2021; Act 17 of 2010 | Bihar Act 17/2010 |
| Haryana | Educational 9 m or more, or more than 500 m² on a floor (s.18(2)) | Coaching Act 2024 asks for details of "fire safety measures"; start date not found | Fire Act 2022; Act 12 of 2024 | Haryana Act 12/2024 |
| Manipur | Educational more than 9 m or ground plus 2, mezzanine included | Coaching Act 2017: more than 20 secondary-level students; fire extinguishers; 1 m² a student | Act 9 of 2026; Act 8 of 2017 | Manipur Act 8/2017 |
| Uttar Pradesh | Every educational building, any height (s.26(3)); no agency certificate below 9 m and under 500 m² | Coaching Act 2002: registration for coaching of 3 or more persons; no fire clause | Act 16 of 2022; Rules 2024; Act 5 of 2002 | UP Act 16 of 2022 |
| Goa | Educational and institutional buildings at any size (service 97) | Coaching Classes Act 2001: more than 5 students; registration to 31 March of the next year; no fire clause | Right to Services notification 2022; Act 27 of 2001 | Goa Gazette 2022 |
| Assam | Educational buildings are listed premises: 15 m and above high risk, 10 to 15 m moderate, under 10 m low | None found for coaching | Act LIII of 2025, Schedule I | Assam Act LIII of 2025 |
| Chandigarh | Educational 9 m or more, or more than 500 m² on a floor | None found for coaching | Haryana Act 2022 as extended; MC Office Order 23 of 2025 | MCC Office Order 23 |
| Odisha | Educational 12 m or more, 1,000 m² built-up, or 3 storeys | None found for coaching | Fire Service Act as amended 2019 | Odisha Rules 2019 |
| Maharashtra | Schedule-I sets educational installations below 15 m, a down-comer included; the NOC trigger was not confirmed | Form B every January and July | Act of 2006, Schedule-I substituted in 2023 | MH Act 2023 Schedule-I |
| Tamil Nadu | Over 18.3 m: the Director's NOC; up to 18.3 m the District Officer | None found for coaching | Fire Service Act 1985; TNFRS procedure | Tamil Nadu Fire and Rescue Services |
| Karnataka | 21 m or more, any occupancy; Seva Sindhu still lists above 15 m | None found for coaching | Fire Force Act, s.13(3) as amended in 2023 | Government of Karnataka |
Getting a coaching centre's fire NOC in 8 steps
Count students per batch and measure the building
Write down the largest batch, the height, the floors including stilt and mezzanine, the area of each floor and any basement. Most lines turn on 20 students, 9 m or 500 m² on a floor.
Fix the class the fire officer will record
A centre of 20 or more students is educational (Group B) in NBC 2016, NBCS 2026 and Delhi's bye-laws. Rajasthan's 2023 order files coaching as institutional; Punjab's fee letter as mixed use.
Take classes out of the basement
Rajasthan's building rules allow no basement classrooms, NBCS 2026 lists classrooms among basement uses to avoid, and in Delhi a basement needs its own fire clearance.
Fit the systems and exits for the height band
Extinguishers and a hose reel at every height; a down-comer and manual alarm from 15 m; two doorways with panic bars for any room of more than 45 persons; stairs of 1.50 m.
Check the building permits coaching use
In Delhi, coaching in a residential plot is mixed use under MPD-2021, capped at 500 sqm. In Lucknow the 2026 fire building was approved as residential, as reported. The NOC does not regularise the use.
File on the state portal and pass the inspection
Upload fire drawings, ownership or lease proof and the agency's certificate, pay the state's fee, and keep the certificate and approved plans on the premises.
Register under the state coaching Act
Bihar, Goa, Manipur and Uttar Pradesh Acts are in force; Haryana's 2024 Act and Rajasthan's 2025 Act start on notified dates. Rajasthan's asks for the Fire and Building Safety Certificate itself.
Diary the renewal
Rajasthan renews generally every year, applied 15 days before expiry; Punjab every year; Chhattisgarh's high-risk coaching every year; Delhi every 3 years for non-residential buildings until 20 May 2027.
Coaching centre, tuition centre, training institute: how the laws define them
The student count that makes a coaching centre runs from 3 in Uttar Pradesh to 100 in Rajasthan's Act. These 12 definitions decide which law and which fire line apply.
- Group B Educational (NBCS 2026, 3.1.3)
- Any building used for school, college or other training institutions for instruction, education or recreation of not less than 20 students. A residential part is classed A-II. BIS, SP 7:2026
- B-2 (NBC 2016)
- All other and training institutions, with 100 or more students; B-1 is schools up to senior secondary with 20 or more. BIS, NBC 2016 Part 4
- Educational building (Delhi UBBL 1.4.75(b))
- Since 12 February 2020: any building used for school, college, coaching centres (for students more than 20) or day-care for more than 8 hours a week. DDA, UBBL 2016
- Coaching and tuition centres (MPD-2021, 15.7.3(vii))
- Allowed as mixed use on residential plots up to 2/3rd of the permissible FAR, with a maximum of 500 sqm built area and basement; school tuition in a ground-floor group-housing flat up to 100 sqm or half the flat. Delhi High Court
- Coaching centre (Rajasthan Act 2025, s.2(d))
- A centre giving coaching to more than 100 students in any study programme, competitive examination or academic support. Counselling, sports, dance and theatre are not coaching. Rajasthan Act 16/2025
- Coaching centre (Rajasthan Building Regulations, Reg 2.36)
- A centre whose main purpose is coaching more than 50 students: the building rules use this lower line. Rajasthan UDH
- Coaching centre and training institute (Rajasthan fire order 2023)
- Listed in Table 1 in the institutional row with hospitals and nursing homes, not with educational institutions. Rajasthan UDH
- Coaching institute (Bihar Act 2010, s.2(ix))
- A private institute or trust preparing more than 10 students for competitive examinations or academic support. Bihar Act 17/2010
- Coaching institute (Manipur Act 2017, s.2(ii))
- Preparation for competitive examinations or academic support at secondary and higher secondary level for more than 20 students. Manipur Act 8/2017
- Coaching class (Goa Act 2001, s.2(d))
- A class coaching more than 5 students at a time for fees; recognised institutions and classical dance or music classes are left out. Goa Act 27/2001
- Coaching (Uttar Pradesh Act 2002, s.2(d))
- Tuition, instruction or guidance imparted to 3 or more persons; institutes teaching fine arts, IT, computers or stenography are not coaching centres. UP Act 5/2002
- Private coaching institute (Haryana Act 2024, s.2(iv))
- A centre in a single premises for competitive examinations; individual home tuitions of up to 50 students a day are left out. Haryana Act 12/2024
The Delhi courts and the Centre on coaching centre fire NOCs, 2023 to 2024
Delhi's rule came from a court, not a new law: the High Court read the 2020 bye-law amendment and Rule 27 together, and the Supreme Court refused to disturb it.
On 25 July 2023, after the Mukherjee Nagar coaching centre fire, the Delhi High Court held that coaching centres under clause 15.7.3(vii) of the Master Plan for Delhi 2021 must hold a valid fire NOC and that centres running contrary to the Master Plan must close. The Coaching Federation of India asked it to narrow that order. On 14 December 2023 the bench of Yashwant Varma and Ravinder Dudeja JJ refused. The federation had argued that the clause asks fire clearance only of basement coaching and that Rule 27 reaches only educational buildings over 9 m or ground plus two. The amicus pointed to the bye-law amendment of 12 February 2020, under which coaching centres of more than 20 students are educational buildings. The court held, prima facie, that the basement words do not limit the duty, and that mixed use does not take a centre out of the rules.
The order records how far compliance lagged. The Delhi Fire Service had surveyed 461 coaching centres by 21 July 2023 and found the buildings without the required fire safety measures. Delhi Police counted 583 coaching institutes, of which only 67 held fire safety certificates and 516 did not. The MCD had issued 295 show-cause notices and sealed 55 premises on 79 sealing orders. The court asked the MCD and the Delhi Fire Service to form a Joint Task Force to inspect every coaching centre in Mukherjee Nagar and report in 3 weeks, with power to close premises that were openly hazardous.
On 5 August 2024 the Supreme Court bench of Surya Kant and Ujjal Bhuyan JJ dismissed the federation's appeal as totally frivolous with Rs 1,00,000 costs. It read the High Court as requiring all coaching and tuition centres to comply with fire NOCs and Fire Safety Certificates under the Master Plan and the Unified Building Bye-Laws, said no centre in Delhi or the NCR should run without meticulous fire compliance, and took the matter up on its own, adding the Union housing ministry, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh and Haryana. On 21 October 2024 it asked an amicus, Siddhartha Dave, to examine a regulatory regime for safe coaching centres, initially in the NCR. Flamekite found no later order.
The Centre's own step is advisory. The Ministry of Education circulated Guidelines for Regulation of Coaching Center to the States on 16 January 2024 "for consideration by way of appropriate legal framework", and told the Rajya Sabha on 31 July 2024 that, education being in the concurrent list, the States must act. The guidelines' own text could not be read: the ministry's file returned errors on 25 October 2026.
| What | The rule | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Delhi High Court, 14 December 2023 | No change to the 25 July 2023 order; Joint Task Force for Mukherjee Nagar; fire permits to be decided with due expedition | Delhi High Court |
| Supreme Court, 5 August 2024 | Appeal dismissed with Rs 1,00,000 costs; suo motu case for Delhi and the NCR | Supreme Court order |
| Supreme Court, 21 October 2024 | Amicus to examine a regime for safe coaching centres, initially within the NCR | Supreme Court order |
| Ministry of Education, 16 January 2024 | Guidelines sent to States and UTs for consideration; not binding by themselves | Rajya Sabha AU983 |
What the Delhi High Court held on 14 December 2023, in its words
Paragraph 23 is the sentence that answers the federation's basement-only argument.
Word for word
In our prima facie opinion, the same would not detract from coaching and tuition centers being required to comply with fire safety norms that may be otherwise specified either under the MPD, 2021 or the 2010 Rules.
"The same" is clause 15.7.3(vii) of the Master Plan, which says basement use for coaching needs clearance from the fire authorities. The court read that clause as added caution, not as the only fire duty. In paragraph 25 it added that the restrictions apply even where a building is not used exclusively for coaching, because both the bye-laws and the 2007 Act count subsidiary occupancies.
Coaching classes in a basement: what 6 instruments allow
Basements are where coaching deaths have happened, and the rules on them differ. These 6 instruments speak to classrooms or coaching below ground.
Rajasthan
No basement classrooms
Reg 4.6.2(iv) of the Model Building Regulations 2025: classrooms are not permitted in the basement of a coaching centre. Rajasthan UDH
NBCS 2026, cl. 4.2.19.1
Classrooms named as a vulnerable use
The 2026 standard advises against basements for vulnerable activities such as sleeping and classrooms, lets States set their own list, and asks basements for smoke ventilation, high-density sprinklers and at least 2 independent exits. BIS, SP 7:2026
Delhi, MPD-2021
Basement coaching needs fire clearance
Clause 15.7.3(vii): coaching in a basement is subject to clearance from the fire authorities, within the 500 sqm cap on built area and basement. Delhi High Court
Delhi, UBBL 2016
Two clauses that pull apart
7.4.11 lists basement uses as storage, strong rooms, library stacks and services; 7.23.2(a) lets an educational basement be used for study or instruction if it meets fire safety requirements. Over 200 m², NBC Part 4 applies (7.4.13). DDA, UBBL 2016
Rajasthan fire order
Big non-residential basements need a NOC
Table 1 lists underground structures and basements used for any non-residential activity over 500 m² gross built area. Rajasthan UDH
NBC 2016, Table 7
Basement sprinklers above 200 m²
For educational buildings, sprinklers are required in a basement over 200 m², and the terrace tank grows by 5,000 litres. BIS, NBC 2016 Part 4
Fire installations a coaching building needs, by height and size
NBC 2016 Table 7's educational rows still set what most fire officers check. Uttarakhand has a lighter row for a small single-floor coaching centre.
| Hose, risers and sprinklers | Alarm | Water storage and pumps | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Uttarakhand: one floor under 500 m², below 12 m Uttarakhand GO 2025 | Fire extinguishers, plus automatic extinguishers on the electrical panel, UPS and DG set | Not listed | Not listed |
| Below 15 m, ground plus 1 or more BIS, NBC 2016 Part 4 | Extinguishers and a first-aid hose reel; sprinklers only in a basement over 200 m² | Not required | Terrace tank 10,000 litres, 5,000 more with a basement over 200 m²; terrace pump 450 l/min |
| 15 m to 24 m BIS, NBC 2016 Part 4 | Hose reel and a down-comer; basement sprinklers over 200 m² | Manual fire alarm | Terrace tank 25,000 litres; terrace pump 900 l/min |
| Above 24 m to 30 m BIS, NBC 2016 Part 4 | Hose reel, wet riser and yard hydrant | Manual fire alarm | Underground tank 50,000 litres; electric and diesel pumps of 1,620 l/min with a 180 l/min jockey |
| Above 30 m BIS, NBC 2016 Part 4 | Not permitted for educational buildings (Table 7, note 16) | Not applicable | Not applicable |
NBCS 2026 Table 7B lets an educational building of up to 500 m² and up to 24 m be self-certified by a certified, State-approved building professional, and wants computer rooms, labs and auditoriums sprinklered to its CL-3 level. Rajasthan's 2026 order points coaching buildings to the 2023 order and the current Indian Standard codes instead of the NBC.
Coaching centre fire rules in numbers
20 students
Above this, Delhi's bye-laws class a coaching centre as an educational building DDA, UBBL 2016
100 students
Above this, a centre falls under Rajasthan's Coaching Centres Act 2025 Rajasthan Act 16/2025
50 students
Above this, Rajasthan's building rules treat a building as a coaching centre Rajasthan UDH
1.75 m²
Minimum classroom area per student in a new Rajasthan coaching building Rajasthan UDH
1 m²
Minimum area per student under the Bihar coaching Act Bihar Act 17/2010
3 m²
Net floor area per person NBCS 2026 uses to size an educational building's exits BIS, SP 7:2026
45 persons
Above this, a room needs 2 doorways with panic bars BIS, SP 7:2026
30 m
Longest travel distance to an exit in an unsprinklered educational building, 45 m with sprinklers BIS, SP 7:2026
516 institutes
Delhi coaching institutes without a fire safety certificate in July 2023, of 583 Delhi High Court
Coaching centre fire safety checklist for owners: 12 items
These 12 points come from NBCS 2026, the state coaching Acts and the Rajasthan rules. A fire officer or a registering authority inspecting a coaching centre looks for each.
- Fire extinguishers in place and serviced: Bihar's and Manipur's coaching Acts list them as a condition of registration. Bihar Act 17/2010
- No classes in the basement; in Delhi, written fire clearance for any basement use. Rajasthan UDH
- Every room of more than 45 persons with 2 doorways, exit doors on panic bars. BIS, SP 7:2026
- No classroom door that can be locked against people leaving it. BIS, SP 7:2026
- Seats limited to the area: 1 m² a student under the Bihar and Rajasthan Acts, 1.75 m² in a new Rajasthan coaching building. Rajasthan Act 16/2025
- Exit stairs at least 1.50 m wide, and no seat more than 30 m from an exit without sprinklers. BIS, SP 7:2026
- No hazardous material stored, and flammable liquids only in a science lab. BIS, SP 7:2026
- Sprinklers in any basement over 200 m², and a terrace tank of at least 10,000 litres from ground plus 1. BIS, NBC 2016 Part 4
- Automatic extinguishers on the electrical panel, UPS and DG set, as Uttarakhand asks even of a small centre. Uttarakhand GO 2025
- The fire service helpline and a list of nearby hospitals displayed where students can see them. Rajasthan Act 16/2025
- A first-aid kit and drinking water: both are on every coaching Act's facilities list. Manipur Act 8/2017
- The fire certificate current: Rajasthan renews generally every year, applied 15 days before expiry. Rajasthan UDH
Does your coaching centre need a fire NOC? 10 cases
Match your centre's state, size and building to one line. Where a state does not name coaching, the line is Flamekite's reading of its educational row.
If A coaching centre in Delhi for more than 20 students, over 9 m or 3 storeys
An educational building under Rule 27: a Fire Safety Certificate from the Delhi Fire Service, 3 years for non-residential buildings until 20 May 2027. Fire NOC Delhi DDA, UBBL 2016
If A coaching centre in a Delhi basement
Clause 15.7.3(vii) of MPD-2021 makes basement use subject to fire clearance, inside the 500 sqm cap. The High Court refused to read that as the only fire duty. Fire NOC Delhi Delhi High Court
If Any coaching centre in a notified urban area of Rajasthan
Table 1 of the 2023 order lists coaching centres in its institutional row for all buildings; the certificate is generally renewed every year. Fire NOC Rajasthan Rajasthan UDH
If A new coaching building in Rajasthan for more than 50 students
Reg 4.6.2: a plot of 500 m², a road of 18 m in big cities, 1.75 m² a student, no basement classrooms, and a fire department NOC. Fire NOC Rajasthan Urban Development and Housing Department, Rajasthan
If A coaching centre in Himachal Pradesh used by 20 or more students
Class 16 of the 2019 notification, at any height; plans above 15 m also need the NOC under section 15-A. Fire NOC Himachal Pradesh HP Home notification
If A coaching centre in Chhattisgarh with more than 25 students a batch, over 9 m and over 1,000 m²
High risk: a 1-year NOC with a yearly self-declaration and third-party audit. Over 25 students at 9 m or less is not named: ask the Directorate in writing. Fire NOC Chhattisgarh Fire and Emergency Services and SDRF, Chhattisgarh
If A coaching class in Gujarat above 9 m
Renewal through a Fire Safety Officer of grade G, A or S, with a Rs 2,500 renewal application fee. Fire NOC Gujarat Gujarat Fire Safety Compliance Portal
If A coaching institute in Bihar for more than 10 students
Registration with the District Magistrate (Rs 5,000) with fire extinguishers; a fire NOC as well if the building is 9 m or more or has a floor over 500 m². Fire NOC Bihar Bihar Act 17/2010
If A coaching centre in Uttar Pradesh, any height
Section 26(3) of the 2022 Act lists every educational building; below 9 m and under 500 m² no agency certificate is needed. Fire NOC UP UP Act 16 of 2022
If A coaching floor in a Punjab mixed-use building up to 15 m
The 2021 fee letter's mixed-use row: Rs 20,000, with the certificate renewed every year. Fire NOC Punjab Local Govt Punjab
Coaching centre fire NOC fees in the official schedules
Few schedules name coaching. These are the lines an order or regulation sets; a consultant's quote is a private price.
As published
- Rajasthan, Nagar Nigam areaRs 2 per sq ft of gross built-up areaRenewal application Rs 10,000; read off the page image of the 2023 order Rajasthan UDH
- Rajasthan, Nagar Parishad areaRs 1.50 per sq ftRenewal application Rs 7,500 Rajasthan UDH
- Rajasthan, Nagar Palika areaRs 1 per sq ftRenewal application Rs 5,000 Rajasthan UDH
- Punjab, mixed use with coaching centres, up to 15 mRs 20,000 lump sumBeyond 15 m, Rs 20,000 plus 50%; provisional NOC at half; renewal 50%, up 10% every 2 years Local Govt Punjab
- Gujarat, other educational and training institutions, over 9 m to under 15 mRs 1,000 plan approval; Rs 7 per m² certificate; Rs 1,000 certificate renewalAnnexure 8 of the 2023 Regulations Gujarat Fire Safety Compliance Portal
- Gujarat, coaching class above 9 m, renewal through a Fire Safety OfficerRs 2,500 lump sumAnnexure 9 Gujarat Fire Safety Compliance Portal
- Chandigarh, Group B educationalRs 14 per m², minimum Rs 6,615If the centre is classed educational; certificate valid 5 years since 6 May 2026 MCC Office Order 23
- Delhi, fire safety certificateNo fee in the rules in forceRs 1,000 with Forms H, I and J from 20 May 2027 DFS
- Bihar, coaching registration (not the fire NOC)Rs 5,000; renewal Rs 3,000Every 3 years under the 2010 Act Bihar Act 17/2010
Worked figure: a 2-floor coaching centre of 4,000 sq ft in a Rajasthan Nagar Nigam pays Rs 8,000 at Rs 2 a sq ft. Every state's schedule is on the fire NOC fees page.
Penalties for a coaching centre without registration or fire compliance
Coaching Acts punish the centre by fine and cancellation; fire orders punish the missing certificate. These are the amounts the instruments set.
| Offence | Penalty | Law |
|---|---|---|
| Breach of the registration terms or general conditions, Rajasthan | Rs 50,000 first, Rs 2,00,000 second, then cancellation; recoverable as land revenue | Section 19, Act 16 of 2025 (start date not notified) Rajasthan Act 16/2025 |
| No fire NOC, or fire equipment missing, Rajasthan | Rs 5,000 on the owner or user | RMA 2009 s.291, order of 14 September 2023, direction 2 Rajasthan UDH |
| Late renewal of the fire NOC, Rajasthan | Rs 5,000 | Order of 14 September 2023, direction 11 Rajasthan UDH |
| Breach of the coaching Act, Bihar | Rs 25,000 first, Rs 1,00,000 second, then cancellation | Section 6(2), Act 17 of 2010 Bihar Act 17/2010 |
| Breach of the coaching Act, Manipur | Rs 25,000 first, Rs 1 lakh second, then cancellation after show-cause | Section 6(2), Act 8 of 2017 Manipur Act 8/2017 |
| Breach of the coaching Act, Haryana | Rs 25,000 first, Rs 1 lakh after, then cancellation | Section 10, Act 12 of 2024 (start date not found) Haryana Act 12/2024 |
| Breach of the coaching Act, Goa | Fine up to Rs 50,000 | Section 12, Act 27 of 2001 Goa Act 27/2001 |
| Running a coaching centre without registration, Uttar Pradesh | Fine up to Rs 1 lakh; up to Rs 10,000 for not fixing inspection defects | Section 9, Act 5 of 2002 UP Act 5/2002 |
| An openly hazardous coaching premises, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi | Closure orders by the MCD and Delhi Fire Service Joint Task Force | Delhi High Court order of 14 December 2023, direction D Delhi High Court |
Every state's fire NOC penalties, including the fire Acts' own fines, are on the penalties page.
Where coaching centres fail fire inspections, and the fix
Most coaching failures are about crowding and escape: too many students, one door, a basement, a building approved for something else. These 7 come from the codes, the Acts and the court record.
If Classes or a library in the basement
Move teaching above ground. Rajasthan bars basement classrooms, and NBCS 2026 lists classrooms among basement uses to avoid. Rajasthan UDH
If A hall of 60 students with one door
Open a second doorway and fit panic bars: NBCS 2026 asks for 2 doorways in any room of more than 45 persons. BIS, SP 7:2026
If More students than the floor allows
Cap each batch at 1 m² a student (Bihar, Manipur, Rajasthan Acts); exits are sized at 3 m² a person in NBCS 2026. Manipur Act 8/2017
If Claiming the building is not educational because it also has shops or homes
The Delhi High Court rejected that: subsidiary occupancies count, and mixed use does not exempt a centre. Delhi High Court
If A building approved as residential, used for coaching
Get the change of use first: the Lucknow building where 15 died in June 2026 was approved as residential, as reported. ThePrintnews report
If A new branch run on the main centre's registration
Register each branch separately: Goa's and Haryana's Acts treat every branch as a separate centre. Goa Act 27/2001
If A fire NOC that lapsed between batches
Apply online 15 days before expiry in Rajasthan; a late renewal costs Rs 5,000. Rajasthan UDH
Running classes safely day to day: 5 dos and 4 don'ts
A coaching centre fills and empties several times a day, so its fire safety is mostly daily habit. These 9 points come from the codes and the coaching Acts.
Do
- Keep extinguishers serviced and where staff can reach them; the 2010 Bihar Act makes them a registration condition. Bihar Act 17/2010
- Display the fire service helpline, child helpline 1098 and nearby hospitals, as Rajasthan's Act lists. Rajasthan Act 16/2025
- Keep every exit route within 30 m of any seat in an unsprinklered building. BIS, SP 7:2026
- Keep the maximum batch size you registered, in writing, as Goa's Act asks. Goa Act 27/2001
- Keep the fire certificate and approved plans on the premises for inspectors. Rajasthan UDH
Don’t
- Don't hold classes in a basement. Rajasthan UDH
- Don't lock a classroom door so that students cannot get out. BIS, SP 7:2026
- Don't store hazardous material in an educational building. BIS, SP 7:2026
- Don't run batches during school hours for school students: Goa, Rajasthan and the 2024 guidelines all say so. Rajya Sabha AU983
Registering a coaching institute in Bihar: the 6 stops
Bihar's 2010 Act has been in force since it was passed, so it is the clearest working example of coaching registration with a fire condition.
1. Check you are covered
A private institute or trust coaching more than 10 students for competitive examinations or academic support (s.2(ix)). Bihar Act 17/2010
2. Fit the building
At least 1 m² a student, furniture, lighting, drinking water, toilets, sanitation, fire extinguishers, first aid and parking (s.3(4)(d)). Bihar Act 17/2010
3. Fire NOC if the building is caught
Educational buildings of 9 m or more, or with a floor over 500 m², also need a Bihar Fire Service NOC (rule 15(a)). Bihar Rules 2021
4. Apply to the District Magistrate
On the prescribed form with Rs 5,000, the curriculum, maximum students per course, teachers' qualifications and the fee prospectus (s.3(4)). Bihar Act 17/2010
5. The committee decides in 30 days
The DM, the SP, the District Education Officer and a college principal; a refusal comes with a reasoned order (s.4(1)). Bihar Act 17/2010
6. Renew after 3 years
Apply for renewal with Rs 3,000 (s.4(2)); appeals go to the Divisional Commissioner within 30 days (s.8). Bihar Act 17/2010
Coaching centre fire NOC worked cases: 7 buildings
Flamekite's reading of the rules for 7 example centres; the buildings are illustrations, the figures are the instruments'.
Case 1
A 150-student centre in Mukherjee Nagar
Ground plus 3 in a mixed-use residential plot, 13 m.
What applies More than 20 students makes it educational, and over 9 m Rule 27 needs a Fire Safety Certificate. Coaching may use up to 500 sqm of built area and basement under clause 15.7.3(vii). Delhi High Court
Case 2
A new 300-student building in Kota
Ground plus 4 on a 600 m² plot.
What applies Reg 4.6.2: plot over 500 m², at least 525 m² of classrooms at 1.75 m² a student, no basement classrooms, and a fire NOC. Above 100 students the 2025 Act's certificate applies once it starts. Rajasthan UDH
Case 3
A 60-student centre in Jaipur
2 floors of 2,000 sq ft each in a Nagar Nigam area.
What applies Caught by the institutional row of the 2023 order. Fee at Rs 2 a sq ft: Rs 8,000; renewal application Rs 10,000, generally every year. Rajasthan UDH
Case 4
A 40-student batch in Raipur
8 m, 800 m².
What applies Over 25 students but under 9 m, so it fits neither coaching tier of the 2025 order. Ask the Directorate in writing which term applies. Fire and Emergency Services and SDRF, Chhattisgarh
Case 5
An 80-student institute in Patna
Single floor, 7 m, 300 m².
What applies Bihar registration with Rs 5,000: classrooms of at least 80 m² and extinguishers. Under 9 m and under 500 m² a floor, rule 15(a) does not catch it. Bihar Act 17/2010
Case 6
A coaching floor in Ludhiana
A 12 m mixed-use block with shops and offices.
What applies The fee letter's mixed-use row: Rs 20,000 lump sum, and a renewal of half that, rising 10% every 2 years. Local Govt Punjab
Case 7
A 12 m coaching class in Ahmedabad
4 floors of 400 m².
What applies Other educational and training institutions over 9 m: Rs 1,000 plan approval and Rs 7 per m² for the certificate. Renewal through a Fire Safety Officer at Rs 2,500. Gujarat Fire Safety Compliance Portal
Coaching centre fire rules, dated: 2001 to 2026
Eighteen dated steps that shaped what a coaching centre owes today.
24 April 2001
Goa's Coaching Classes Act receives assent: registration for more than 5 students. Goa Act 27/2001
3 September 2002
Uttar Pradesh's Regulation of Coaching Act receives assent, deemed in force from 27 June 2002. UP Act 5/2002
24 April 2010
Bihar's Coaching Institute Act receives assent: fire extinguishers and 1 m² a student. Bihar Act 17/2010
31 August 2017
Manipur's Coaching Institute Act receives assent. Manipur Act 8/2017
23 July 2019
Himachal Pradesh lists hostels and coaching centres of 20 or more students for fire precautions. HP Home notification
12 February 2020
Delhi's bye-laws class coaching centres of more than 20 students as educational buildings. DDA, UBBL 2016
25 July 2023
The Delhi High Court requires coaching centres to hold valid fire NOCs and orders non-conforming ones shut. Delhi High Court
14 September 2023
Rajasthan's fire order lists coaching centres in the institutional row. Rajasthan UDH
14 December 2023
The High Court refuses to narrow its order and sets up a Joint Task Force for Mukherjee Nagar. Delhi High Court
16 January 2024
The Ministry of Education sends its coaching guidelines to the States. Rajya Sabha AU983
30 May 2024
Haryana publishes its Coaching Institutes Act, to start on a notified date. Haryana Act 12/2024
5 August 2024
The Supreme Court dismisses the federation's appeal with Rs 1,00,000 costs and widens the case to the NCR. Supreme Court order
21 October 2024
The Supreme Court asks its amicus to examine a regime for safe coaching centres. Supreme Court order
23 September 2025
Rajasthan's Coaching Centres Act 16 of 2025 receives assent; it starts on a notified date. Rajasthan Act 16/2025
16 October 2025
Chhattisgarh sets 1-year and 2-year NOC terms for coaching centres by students, height and area. Fire and Emergency Services and SDRF, Chhattisgarh
30 April 2026
NBC 2016 is withdrawn; NBCS 2026 keeps coaching with educational buildings and advises against basement classrooms. Gazette of India
29 May 2026
Rajasthan requires a fire department NOC for every coaching centre building under its 2025 Regulations. Urban Development and Housing Department, Rajasthan
24 June 2026
After the Lucknow fire, Delhi orders inspection of 923 coaching centres, as reported. Careers360news report
Coaching centre fires and sealing drives reported, 2019 to 2026
From news reports, not yet an official source.
No fire service publishes a count of coaching centres holding a fire NOC; the Delhi Police figure of 67 in 583 in 2023 is the only official count Flamekite found. These reports are secondary.
17 October 2026
Tarun Mitra reports a final 24-hour notice to 10 coaching institutes in Ranchi, with a fire NOC among the permits demanded. Tarun Mitranews report
25 June 2026
Free Press Journal reports 12 coaching institutes and libraries sealed in Lucknow after the Aliganj fire, and the Chief Minister saying no coaching centre will run in a basement. Free Press Journalnews report
25 June 2026
Free Press Journal reports 151 establishments sealed in Indore, coaching centres and libraries among them. Free Press Journalnews report
24 June 2026
Careers360 reports Delhi's Education Minister ordering DDA, MCD, the Delhi Fire Service and DDMA to inspect 923 coaching centres, with a daily action-taken report. Careers360news report
23 June 2026
ETV Bharat reports 15 dead in the 22 June fire in a commercial complex with coaching and gaming centres in Aliganj, Lucknow. ETV Bharatnews report
2 August 2024
The Week reports the Delhi High Court moving the Old Rajinder Nagar basement deaths probe from Delhi Police to the CBI, with a CVC officer to supervise. The Weeknews report
30 July 2024
Scroll reports 3 UPSC aspirants drowned on 27 July in the flooded basement of a coaching centre in Old Rajinder Nagar, an MHA inquiry committee formed on 29 July, and at least 13 coaching centres sealed. Scrollnews report
10 May 2024
Careers360 (PTI) reports the Delhi High Court telling MCD and DDA to shut coaching centres that breach fire norms forthwith and to survey again within 4 weeks. Careers360 (PTI)news report
24 May 2019
Wikipedia records 22 students dead in a fire at a coaching class on the roof of Takshashila Arcade, Surat. Wikipedianews report
Coaching centre fire NOC myths, checked against the rules
You may have read
Only a coaching centre in a basement needs a fire NOC in Delhi.
Myth
What the sources say
The High Court rejected that reading of clause 15.7.3(vii) on 14 December 2023: coaching centres must meet the fire norms of MPD-2021 and the 2010 Rules wherever they run. Delhi High Court
You may have read
The Supreme Court made fire NOCs compulsory for all coaching centres in India in 2023.
Myth
What the sources say
The 2023 orders were the Delhi High Court's. The Supreme Court dismissed the appeal on 5 August 2024 and spoke of Delhi and the NCR. Supreme Court order
You may have read
A coaching centre under 15 m needs no fire NOC.
Myth
What the sources say
Delhi's educational line is 9 m or 3 storeys, Rajasthan's 2023 order covers coaching centres in all buildings, and Uttar Pradesh lists every educational building. Rajasthan UDH
You may have read
The Ministry of Education's 2024 guidelines are binding law.
Myth
What the sources say
They were sent to the States for consideration; the ministry told the Rajya Sabha that States must act through their own law. Rajya Sabha AU983
You may have read
Rajasthan's coaching Act is already in force.
Myth
What the sources say
Act 16 of 2025 starts on a date the State notifies in the gazette; Flamekite found no such notification by 25 October 2026. Rajasthan Act 16/2025
You may have read
A coaching registration certificate covers fire safety.
Myth
What the sources say
Registration is a separate licence. Rajasthan's Act asks for the Fire and Building Safety Certificate as a condition, and Bihar's asks for extinguishers only. Rajasthan Act 16/2025
Where a coaching centre applies for the fire NOC, state by state
These 5 official portals took fire applications for educational and coaching buildings on 25 October 2026.
Delhi
Delhi Fire Service
Fire Safety Certificate and its renewal for Rule 27 buildings DFS
dfs.delhi.gov.inRajasthan
Rajasthan LSG online: fire service
Fire NOC registration and certificate verification Local Self Government Department, Rajasthan
lsgonline.rajasthan.gov.in/fire_service.aspxGujarat
GujFireSafety CoP
Plan approval, certificate and renewal through a Fire Safety Officer Gujarat FSCOP
fscop.gujfiresafetycop.inUttar Pradesh
UP Fire and Emergency Services
Online fire certificate applications, free of portal fee UP Fire FAQ
upfireservice.gov.in/upfire/faqChhattisgarh
Chhattisgarh online fire NOC
The 7-step online NOC process, decided in at most 30 days CG Fire NOC
firenoc.cg.gov.in/flow.pdf
Questions about fire NOCs for coaching centres
Is a fire NOC mandatory for a coaching centre?
- In most states, once the building crosses the educational line: Delhi over 9 m or 3 storeys for centres of more than 20 students, Bihar and Haryana 9 m or a floor over 500 m², and Uttar Pradesh every educational building. Rajasthan's 2023 order covers coaching centres in all buildings, and Himachal lists centres of 20 students.
Do coaching centres in Delhi need a fire NOC?
- Yes, if they teach more than 20 students in a building over 9 m or 3 storeys. The Delhi High Court applied that on 14 December 2023, and the Supreme Court dismissed the coaching federation's appeal on 5 August 2024 with Rs 1,00,000 costs.
Can a coaching centre run in a basement?
- Not for classes in Rajasthan, whose building rules bar basement classrooms, and NBCS 2026 advises against them. In Delhi, coaching in a basement needs clearance from the fire authorities under MPD-2021 and counts within the 500 sqm cap.
Is the Rajasthan Coaching Centres Act 2025 in force?
- Not yet, as far as Flamekite could find. Act 16 of 2025 received assent on 23 September 2025 and starts on a date the State notifies; no notification was found by 25 October 2026. Once in force, centres of more than 100 students need a Fire and Building Safety Certificate.
What is the fire NOC fee for a coaching centre?
- Rajasthan charges Rs 2, Rs 1.50 or Rs 1 a sq ft by town size, Punjab Rs 20,000 for coaching in a mixed-use building up to 15 m, and Gujarat Rs 2,500 to renew a coaching class above 9 m. Delhi charges no fee under the rules in force.
Does a tuition centre at home need a fire NOC?
- Not as a class of its own. Haryana's coaching Act leaves out home tuitions of up to 50 students a day, and Delhi's Master Plan allows school tuition in a ground-floor flat up to 100 sqm. The building's own fire line still applies.
Are the Ministry of Education coaching guidelines binding?
- No. The ministry sent them to the States on 16 January 2024 for consideration, and told the Rajya Sabha on 31 July 2024 that the States must act through their own law.
How many students make a coaching centre under the law?
- It depends on the law: 3 or more in Uttar Pradesh, more than 5 in Goa, more than 10 in Bihar, more than 20 in Manipur and in Delhi's bye-laws, more than 50 in Rajasthan's building rules and more than 100 in Rajasthan's Act.
Keep reading
- Fire NOCWhat a fire NOC is, who issues it and every state's regime.
- Which buildings require a fire NOCHeight, area and use lines for all 36 states and UTs.
- Fire NOC for schoolsEducational buildings, CBSE's fire certificate and the 2025 ruling.
- Fire NOC for hostelsCoaching hostels, dormitory rules and state lines.
- Fire NOC feesEvery published state fee schedule compared.
- Fire NOC penaltiesWhat each state's law sets for running without fire compliance.
- Fire NOC in RajasthanThe 2023 order, the 2026 UDH order and the LSG portal.
- Fire NOC in DelhiRule 27, the 2027 Form K regime and the DFS portal.
Words on this page, explained
Keep exploring
Fire NOC by building type
- Hospitals
- Nursing Homes
- Clinics
- Schools
- Hostels and PGs
- Hotels
- Restaurants
- Banquet Halls
- Cinemas and Theatres
- Gaming Zones
- Residential Buildings
- Apartments
- Commercial Buildings
- Offices
- Shops
- Malls
- Factories
- Industries and MSMEs
- Warehouses
- Cold Storage
- Godowns
- LPG Godowns
- Petrol Pumps
- EV Charging Stations
- Data Centres
- Temples and Places of Worship
Fire NOC: the steps
Sources
Each source was opened and read on the date shown. How Flamekite checks its sources
- High Court of Delhi, digitally signed order (copy hosted by LiveLaw): Court on its own motion v. Govt of NCT of Delhi, W.P.(C) 8534/2023 with W.P.(C) 12182/2016, 100/2017 and 6405/2019: order of 14 December 2023 (MPD-2021 clause 15.7.3(vii), UBBL 1.4.75(b), Joint Task Force for Mukherjee Nagar) (opens in a new tab)
- Supreme Court of India, record of proceedings (copy hosted by LiveLaw): Coaching Federation of India v. Government of NCT of Delhi, SLP (C) Diary No. 30149/2024, order of 5 August 2024 against the Delhi High Court judgment of 14 December 2023 in WP(C) 8534/2023 (opens in a new tab)
- Supreme Court of India, record of proceedings (copy hosted by LiveLaw): Coaching Federation of India v. Government of NCT of Delhi, SLP (C) No. 18653/2024: order of 21 October 2024 (amicus to examine a regulatory regime for safe coaching centres, initially in the NCR) (opens in a new tab)
- Rajya Sabha, Ministry of Education (Department of Higher Education): Unstarred Question No. 983, answered 31 July 2024: Guidelines for Regulation of Coaching Center circulated to States and UTs on 16 January 2024; GST collected from coaching institutions (opens in a new tab)
- Rajasthan Gazette Extraordinary, Part 4(A), 26 September 2025 (copy hosted by PRS Legislative Research): Rajasthan Coaching Centres (Control and Regulation) Act, 2025 (Act No. 16 of 2025), assent 23 September 2025: sections 1(3), 2, 7, 8, 10 and 19 (opens in a new tab)
- Delhi Development Authority: Unified Building Bye-Laws for Delhi 2016, compendium incorporating amendments up to 12 February 2020: clause 7.11 staircases (1.5 m for guest houses) and Annexure V (Rule 27, 2010 text) (opens in a new tab)
Show all 52 sourcesShow fewer
- Urban Development, Housing and Local Self Government Departments, Rajasthan: Joint order No. P.11(9)UDH/2020 Part, 14 September 2023, on the fire safety certificate and fire NOC (18-page Hindi scan) (opens in a new tab)
- Delhi Fire Service (copy of Delhi Gazette Extraordinary, Part IV): Delhi Fire Service (Amendment) Rules, 2025, notification F.No. DFS/HQ/Misc/2025/01(E-259159)/237, gazetted 26 May 2026 (opens in a new tab)
- Bureau of Indian Standards (copy hosted by Goa Directorate of Fire and Emergency Services): SP 7:2026 National Building Construction Standards 2026, Part F: Fire and Life Safety (opens in a new tab)
- Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS-licensed copy hosted by Nagpur Municipal Corporation): National Building Code of India 2016, Part 4: clause 3.1.3 (Group B, B-1 and B-2), Table 7 educational rows and Notes 4, 6, 14 and 16, clause 6.2 (educational buildings); Table 7 read off the page-43 image (opens in a new tab)
- Urban Development Department, Rajasthan: Model Rajasthan Building Regulations, 2025, order No. P-11(5)/UDH/Bhavan Viniyam-2025/2025 (listed 12 May 2025): Regs 2.36, 2.75, 2.77, 4.6.2, 5.4, 11.2, 14.5 and Schedules 2 and 3 (opens in a new tab)
- Assam Gazette Extraordinary No. 427, 14 August 2026 (PRS copy of the gazette): The Assam Jan Vishwas (Amendment of Provisions) Act, 2026 (Assam Act No. XIII of 2026): Schedule item 4 amending sections 2, 20, 21 and 31 of the 2025 Act (opens in a new tab)
- Bihar Gazette Extraordinary, 28 April 2010 (copy hosted by PRS Legislative Research): Bihar Coaching Institute (Control and Regulation) Act, 2010 (Act 17 of 2010): sections 2 to 8 (opens in a new tab)
- Manipur Gazette Extraordinary No. 297(B), 11 September 2017 (scan hosted by PRS Legislative Research, read off the page images): Manipur Coaching Institute (Control and Regulation) Act, 2017 (Manipur Act No. 8 of 2017): sections 2, 3, 4 and 6 (opens in a new tab)
- PRS Legislative Research (copy of the state gazette): Goa Coaching Classes (Regulation) Act, 2001 (Goa Act 27 of 2001), assent 24 April 2001: sections 2, 4, 5 and 12 (opens in a new tab)
- Uttar Pradesh Gazette Extraordinary, 4 September 2002 (scan hosted by PRS Legislative Research, read off the page images): Uttar Pradesh Regulation of Coaching Act, 2002 (U.P. Act No. 5 of 2002): sections 2, 3, 7 and 9 (opens in a new tab)
- Haryana Government Gazette Extraordinary No. 78-2024/Ext., 30 May 2024 (copy hosted by PRS Legislative Research): Haryana Registration and Regulation of Private Coaching Institutes Act, 2024 (Haryana Act No. 12 of 2024): sections 1 to 7 and 10 (opens in a new tab)
- Government of Uttarakhand, Home (Adhishthan) Section-3 (copy hosted by Uttarakhand Fire and Emergency Services): Government order No. 304272/XX-3/2025-02(10)/2024, 6 June 2025: amended NBC 2016 Part 4 Table 7 fire installations for low-rise (below 12 m) and mixed occupancy buildings, Annexures A to G (opens in a new tab)
- Urban Development and Housing Department, Rajasthan: UDH order signed 29 May 2026, listed 2 June 2026, amending the Model Rajasthan Building Regulations 2025 (fire NOC for coaching centres) (opens in a new tab)
- Government of Himachal Pradesh, Department of Home (copy hosted by the Department of Fire Services): Notification No. Home-F(A)3-1/2019-I, 23 July 2019, under section 9(1) of the HP Fire Fighting Services Act, 1984: 17 classes of premises and 20 fire precautions, English and Hindi texts (opens in a new tab)
- Fire and Emergency Services and SDRF, Chhattisgarh: HQ order No. 204/Agnishaman/2025, 16 October 2025: risk-based NOC validity of 3, 2 or 1 years (opens in a new tab)
- Gujarat Fire Safety Compliance Portal (GujFireSafety CoP): Gujarat Fire Prevention and Life Safety Measures Regulations, 2023 (fees in Annexure 8) (opens in a new tab)
- Uttar Pradesh Gazette Extraordinary, 13 December 2022 (copy hosted by PRS Legislative Research): Uttar Pradesh Fire and Emergency Services Act, 2022 (U.P. Act No. 16 of 2022), English translation: sections 1, 26 to 29, 33 to 39, 45, 48, 58 and 66 (opens in a new tab)
- Directorate of Local Government, Punjab (Wayback Machine copy of 21 March 2022 of the portal's fee download): Letter No. S4-DSMS-(Fire)-2021/41343 of 8 October 2021: new fees for online fire NOCs, by NBC zone, with provisional, renewal and 30-day rules (opens in a new tab)
- Municipal Corporation Chandigarh, Fire and Rescue Services: Office Order No. 23 of 10 February 2025: Fire Safety Certificate charges by NBC occupancy group from 1 April 2025, validity 3 years, exemptions (read from the page images) (opens in a new tab)
- Government of Bihar, Home Department notification (English copy hosted by Bihar Fire Service): Bihar Fire Service Rules, 2021: rules 14 to 27, 33, 34 and 38, Schedules C (fees), D (online NOC), E (pandals) and H (existing buildings) (opens in a new tab)
- Gazette of India (Bureau of Indian Standards notification): Gazette of India Extraordinary, Part III Sec 4, No. 299, 30 April 2026: SP 7:2026 established, SP 7:2016 withdrawn (Ref HQ-PUB013/1/2020-PUB-BIS (1529)) (opens in a new tab)
- Delhi Fire Service: Department of Delhi Fire Service, Govt of NCT of Delhi (home page and portal links) (opens in a new tab)
- Local Self Government Department, Rajasthan: Fire service: Fire NOC registration and certificate verification (nodal officer and helpline) (opens in a new tab)
- Gujarat State Fire Prevention Services: FSCOP citizen login: FSPA, FSCA, FSCR, inspections and mock drills (opens in a new tab)
- Uttar Pradesh Fire and Emergency Services: Frequently asked questions (Hindi): Nivesh Mitra categories, free online application, SMS updates, helplines (opens in a new tab)
- Fire and Emergency Services and SDRF, Chhattisgarh: Process to obtain Online NOC: 7 steps, Director review 5 days, inspection 20 days, decision 5 days, maximum 30 days (opens in a new tab)
- Directorate of Fire and Emergency Services, Tripura: Tripura Fire Safety Rules, 2026 (Tripura Gazette, 2 June 2026) (opens in a new tab)
- Housing and Urban Development Department, J&K (copy hosted by NITI for States): Jammu and Kashmir Unified Building Byelaws 2021 (February 2021): use classes, high-rise and tall buildings, fire access and Fire Consultant on Record (opens in a new tab)
- Government of Goa, Official Gazette Series II No. 31 (Extraordinary No. 3), 3 November 2022: Notification 41/1/2022/PG(Notification)/235 under the Goa (Right of Citizens to Time-bound Delivery of Public Services) Act, 2013: DFES services 81 to 116 with designated officers, time limits and appellate authorities (opens in a new tab)
- Assam Gazette Extraordinary No. 811, 24 December 2025 (PRS copy of the gazette): The Assam Fire and Emergency Services Act, 2025 (Assam Act No. LIII of 2025), notification No. LGL.52/2025/3: sections 1 to 67 and Schedule I (opens in a new tab)
- Home Department, Government of Odisha: Odisha Fire Prevention and Fire Safety (Amendment) Rules, 2019, notification No. 10573/H of 6 March 2019: rule 9(1) classes, rules 10, 13(3) and 22(5) (opens in a new tab)
- Government of Maharashtra (gazette copy hosted by Maharashtra Fire and Emergency Services): Maharashtra Fire Prevention and Life Safety Measures (Amendment) Act, 2023, substituted Schedule-I: educational buildings (B) by height, with Notes 3(d), 3(f), 4, 6 and 7 (read off the page images, pp. 17 and 33) (opens in a new tab)
- Tamil Nadu Fire and Rescue Services: NOC procedure: Director above 18.3 m, District Officer up to 18.3 m (opens in a new tab)
- Government of Karnataka (PRS copy): Karnataka Fire Force (Amendment) Ordinance, 2023: section 13(3) high-rise NOC (opens in a new tab)
- LiveLaw, 21 October 2024: Supreme Court on Delhi coaching centre flooding: desirability of comprehensive guidelines, medical facilities (amicus Siddhartha Dave's areas) (opens in a new tab)
- Bar and Bench, 16 June 2023: Delhi High Court takes suo motu cognisance of fire at Mukherjee Nagar coaching centre (opens in a new tab)
- ThePrint (PTI), 9 July 2026: Lucknow fire: LDA court reserves order on demolition of building after final hearing (opens in a new tab)
- Careers360, 24 June 2026: Delhi govt orders inspection of 923 coaching centres after Lucknow fire tragedy (opens in a new tab)
- Tarun Mitra, 17 October 2026: Final notice to 10 coaching institutes in Ranchi, 24-hour ultimatum (opens in a new tab)
- Free Press Journal, 25 June 2026: UP govt cracks down on coaching centres after Lucknow fire tragedy; several institutes sealed across state (opens in a new tab)
- Free Press Journal: 'No proper fire safety, no permission to operate': 18 more buildings sealed in Indore after Lucknow tragedy (25 June 2026) (opens in a new tab)
- ETV Bharat, 23 June 2026: Lucknow fire exposes bitter reality: rules and regulations exist on paper (opens in a new tab)
- The Week, 2 August 2024: Delhi coaching centre deaths: HC pulls up police, MCD officials, transfers probe to CBI (opens in a new tab)
- Scroll, 30 July 2024: Home ministry forms panel to investigate Delhi coaching centre deaths (opens in a new tab)
- Careers360 (PTI), 10 May 2024: Shut down coaching centres that violate safety norms: Delhi HC directs MCD, DDA (opens in a new tab)
- Wikipedia: 2019 Surat fire (Takshashila Arcade coaching centre, 24 May 2019) (opens in a new tab)