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Fire NOC penalties 35 min read

Penalty for no fire NOC in India 2026: fines, prison, sealing and compounding in all 36 states and UTs

Updated By Flamekite Editorial DeskFacts checked against official sources on

Quick answer

Running a building without a required fire NOC or fire safety certificate can draw a fine from Rs 500 under the oldest state Acts (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Odisha, Jammu and Kashmir) to Rs 5 lakh in Assam and West Bengal, where section 11J also allows 3 to 5 years in prison. Most newer Acts add a daily fine of Rs 500 to Rs 5,000 while the breach continues.

Fines are rarely the only cost. Fire laws let officers seal the building, cut power and water, cancel the certificate and bar the occupancy certificate or trade licence, and in 2026 Indore alone sealed 151 establishments. Courts act only on the fire chief's complaint, and many offences can be compounded once the notice is obeyed.

Highest fine for no certificate
Rs 5 lakh
Assam high-risk buildings; West Bengal s.11J
State penalty table
Lowest Act fine still in force
Rs 500
Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Odisha, J&K
State penalty table
Longest prison term
5 years
West Bengal Fire Services Act, s.11J
Penalty figures
Sealed in Indore, 2026
151
Establishments, by 24 June 2026
2026 drives

Fire NOC penalties at a glance

The national picture of fire NOC penalties in 10 rows, each with its official source.
WhatThe ruleSource
Who sets the penaltyEach state's fire Act or regulation; there is no central fire NOC penalty. Puducherry has no fire Act and so no statutory fire finePuducherry G.O. 61
The national templateUp to 3 months or Rs 10,000 or both, plus Rs 1,000 a day, in the Centre's Model Bill 2019DGFS, MHA
Lowest fines in forceRs 500 under the Karnataka (1964), Kerala (1962), Tamil Nadu (1985), Odisha (1993) and J&K (1967) ActsCaseMinestudy
Highest finesRs 5 lakh: Assam (high-risk building without a certificate) and West Bengal (s.11J); Tripura for a false self-certificateAssam Act LIII of 2025
PrisonUp to 5 years in West Bengal (s.11J); up to 2 years in Gujarat and Meghalaya; Assam fines only, and Tripura keeps prison only for breaking a sealIndian Kanoonnews report
Daily fineRs 500 to Rs 5,000 a day in most newer Acts; Uttarakhand's Rs 5,000 and Assam's Rs 5,000 are the highestGovernment of Uttarakhand
No Fire Safety OfficerRs 10 to Rs 50 per m² a month in most Acts; Rs 100 to Rs 200 in Chandigarh since 6 May 2026Gazette of India
Non-money sanctionsSealing, power and water cut, certificate cancelled, occupancy certificate and trade licence refusedGovernment of Haryana
Who prosecutesOnly the Director or an officer he authorises, by written complaint, in most ActsBihar Act 6 of 2014
Last verified24 October 2026, against state Acts, regulations, rules and the 35 Flamekite state pagesNot stated

Fire NOC penalties before and after the 2025 to 2026 amendments

Eight fire laws whose penalties changed, or will change, between 2025 and 2026: from prison terms to fines and civil penalties.
OptionBeforeAfterInstrument and statusSource
Assam1985 Act: prison terms and a Rs 20-a-day fineFines only: Rs 10,000 to Rs 5 lakh by risk class, set by an Adjudicating OfficerAssam Fire and Emergency Services Act 2025; 1985 Act repealed 24 December 2025Assam Act LIII of 2025
TripuraSection 30: 6 months or Rs 50,000, plus Rs 3,000 a dayUp to Rs 20,000 plus Rs 1,000 a day, capped at Rs 2 lakh; prison removed in 6 sectionsAct No. 12 of 2025, Gazette of 4 November 2025, in force at onceTripura Act 12 of 2025
GoaSection 21: a fine up to Rs 1,000A penalty up to Rs 10,000, no prosecutionJan Vishwas Ordinance of 2 December 2025, replaced by the 2026 ActGoa Ordinance 4 of 2025
Andhra PradeshSection 27: a fine up to Rs 500Up to Rs 10,000; the minimum daily fine under section 31 raised 10 times2026 amendment, deemed in force from 1 December 2025Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly
ChandigarhHaryana text, section 30: up to 3 months, Rs 10,000 or bothA penalty up to Rs 1 lakh imposed by the Chief Fire Officer, doubled for a repeatS.O. 2264(E) of 6 May 2026Gazette of India
Uttar PradeshSections 36 and 39: up to 3 months or Rs 10,000, plus Rs 1,000 a dayA civil penalty up to Rs 75,000U.P. Act 10 of 2026, not yet notifiedGovernment of Uttar Pradesh
Tamil Nadu1985 Act, section 15: a fine up to Rs 500Up to 3 months or Rs 50,000, plus Rs 3,000 a day (section 37)2025 Act, not yet in forceGovernment of Tamil Nadu, Gazette Extraordinary No. 263, 6 June 2025
Madhya PradeshNo fire Act: cancellation under the Bhumi Vikas Rules and municipal sealingFines up to Rs 5 lakh, as the press reported when the Bill passedAct 16 of 2026, start date not notified; amounts under proof-readFree Press Journalnews report

How a fire NOC penalty case moves, from inspection to fine

  1. Inspection finds no certificate or a defect

    An authorised fire officer inspects. In Punjab a low-risk building first gets a notice to apply within 15 days; a high-risk building can be fined up to Rs 25,000 at once under section 42.

  2. Written show-cause notice

    Punjab's section 63 needs a written notice with at least 2 working days to reply; Chhattisgarh's rule 45 gives 15 days before a certificate is cancelled.

  3. Time to comply

    Notices set a period to fix the fault. Jammu's municipal corporation gave hospitals and hotels 7 days in June 2026; Ranchi gave building owners 7 days and coaching institutes 24 hours.

  4. Penalty, cancellation or sealing

    If the fault stays, the Act allows a fine, cancellation and, for a dangerous building, sealing with power and water cut. Punjab seals a building without a certificate 60 days after the notice.

  5. Complaint to a court

    For criminal offences the Director or an officer he authorises files a written complaint; Bihar's section 57 sends it to a first-class Judicial Magistrate or higher.

  6. Compounding or adjudication

    Many offences can be settled for a fee instead of a trial, but not while a notice stays unmet (Bihar s.54). Assam has no trial: a District Fire Officer adjudicates the fine after a hearing.

  7. Appeal

    Assam allows an appeal to the Regional Fire Officer within 30 days, decided within 60; Uttarakhand sends appeals to the District Magistrate within 30 days.

Fire NOC penalties in all 36 states and UTs: fine, prison and daily fine

Every state and UT, with the law in force and its main penalty for running a covered building without a certificate or ignoring fire measures. Amounts a state page marks as not proof-read are left out here too.

Law in forceMain fine or prisonDaily fine while it continuesOther sanctions in the law
Andhra Pradesh Andhra Pradesh Legislative AssemblyAP Fire Service Act 1999, amended in 2026 (deemed from 1 December 2025)No certificate after a show-cause notice: up to 3 months or Rs 5,000 (s.30); wilful breach: up to 3 months or Rs 25,000 (s.31)Up to Rs 3,000 a day; at least Rs 1,000 a day unless the court records reasons (s.31)No building permission or occupancy certificate without the NOC (s.13(5))
Arunachal Pradesh Government of Arunachal PradeshFire and Emergency Services Act 2026 (Act 12), in force 11 May 2026Up to Rs 10,000 or 3 months or both (ss.47, 50); water chapter up to 6 months or Rs 50,000 (s.44)Up to Rs 500 a day (Rs 3,000 for the water chapter)Sealing (s.66); a cancelled certificate ends the right to occupy (s.31(iii))
Assam Assam Act LIII of 2025Fire and Emergency Services Act 2025 (Act LIII of 2025)Fines only: Rs 10,000 to Rs 25,000 (low risk), Rs 25,000 to Rs 50,000 (moderate), Rs 1 lakh to Rs 5 lakh (high) (s.26)Up to Rs 5,000 a day, high-risk buildingsTrade licence cancelled, power cut, building sealed (ss.33, 35)
Bihar Bihar Act 6 of 2014Bihar Fire Service Act 2014Multistorey chapter: up to 6 months or Rs 50,000 or both (s.37); other breaches up to 3 months or Rs 10,000 (s.52)Up to Rs 3,000 a day (s.37); Rs 500 (s.52)Dangerous building sealed (s.44)
Chhattisgarh CG GazetteFire and Emergency Service Act 2018; Rules 2021Chapter VI: up to 6 months or Rs 50,000 or both (s.35); other breaches up to 3 months or Rs 10,000 (s.50)Up to Rs 1,000 a day (s.35); Rs 500 (s.50)Dangerous building sealed (s.41)
Goa Goa Ordinance 4 of 2025Goa Fire Force Act 1986, amended by the Jan Vishwas Ordinance of 2 December 2025A penalty up to Rs 10,000 for ignoring notified precautions (s.21); no prisonMunicipal law: Rs 50,000 plus Rs 1,000 a day for a trade without a licence (s.252(2))NOC revoked; trade licences suspended or revoked under the DFES circular of 10 December 2025
Gujarat Gujarat GazetteFire Prevention and Life Safety Measures Act 20131 month to 2 years, or Rs 10,000 to Rs 1 lakh, or both (s.39(1))Up to Rs 3,000 a dayOccupants out, power and water cut, building sealed (s.26)
Haryana Government of HaryanaFire and Emergency Services Act 2022Up to 3 months or Rs 10,000 or both (s.30)Rs 1,000 a dayPower, water and sewer cut and sealing (s.47); no occupation certificate (s.19(5))
Himachal Pradesh Department of Fire Services, Himachal PradeshHP Fire Fighting Services Act, as amended in 2000No separate penalty for running without a NOC; obstruction up to 1 year or Rs 5,000 (s.11)None listedOnly on the Chief Fire Officer's complaint (s.12-A)
Jharkhand Government of JharkhandJharkhand Fire Service Act 2024Multistoried chapter: up to 6 months or Rs 50,000 or both (s.37); other breaches up to 3 months or Rs 10,000 (s.52)Up to Rs 3,000 a day (s.37); Rs 500 (s.52)Dangerous building sealed (s.44)
Karnataka CaseMinestudyKarnataka Fire Force Act 1964A fine up to Rs 500 (s.25)None listedFire-risk goods seized or removed (s.13(2))
Kerala Kerala Act 20 of 1962Kerala Fire Force Act 1962A fine up to Rs 500 (s.21)None listedFire-risk goods seized or removed (s.13(2))
Madhya Pradesh Government of Madhya PradeshBhumi Vikas Rules 2012 today; Act 16 of 2026 passed, start date not notifiedToday: NOC cancellation and municipal sealing; the Act's section 18 amounts await proof-readingNot confirmedOnce in force: occupants removed and the building sealed (s.14)
Maharashtra MFS Act 2006 copyFire Prevention and Life Safety Measures Act 2006Rigorous imprisonment of 6 months to 3 years and a fine of Rs 20,000 to Rs 50,000 (s.36(1)); at least 3 months and Rs 10,000 absent special reasonsUp to Rs 3,000 a day after the first convictionOccupants out, power and water cut, building sealed (s.8)
Manipur Government of ManipurFire and Emergency Service Act 2026Up to Rs 10,000 or 3 months or both (ss.35, 38)Up to Rs 1,000 a daySealing (s.56); a cancelled certificate ends the right to occupy (s.25(4))
Meghalaya Meghalaya Act 5 of 2012Fire and Emergency Services Act 2012Up to 2 years or Rs 1 lakh or both (s.20(1))None listedHazardous goods in an unlicensed warehouse seized and auctioned (s.13(2))
Mizoram Mizoram Act 7 of 2013Mizoram Fire Services Act 2013A fine up to Rs 5,000, imposed by the Director (s.22)None listedObstruction up to 3 months or Rs 5,000 (s.23)
Nagaland Directorate of Fire and Emergency Services, NagalandFire and Emergency Services Act (Act 5 of 2023)Up to Rs 10,000 or 3 months or both (ss.35, 38)Up to Rs 1,000 a daySealing (s.56); a cancelled certificate ends the right to occupy (s.25(iii))
Odisha Orissa Act 30 of 1993Orissa Fire Service Act 1993; Rules 2017A fine up to Rs 500 (s.17)None listedObstruction or a false report up to 3 months or Rs 500 (ss.18, 19)
Punjab Punjab GazetteFire and Emergency Services Act 2024No certificate: up to Rs 15,000 (low and medium risk) or Rs 25,000 (high) (s.42); other breaches Rs 20,000 to Rs 50,000 (s.58)Up to Rs 3,000 a day (s.58)Sealing after 60 days; high risk adds Rs 10 per m² of covered area (s.42)
Rajasthan Rajasthan UDHRajasthan Municipalities Act 2009; LSG fire order of 14 September 2023Rs 2,000 to Rs 5,000 on conviction (s.291); the 2023 order applies a Rs 5,000 penalty under s.291 for no NOC or missing equipmentNot confirmedNOC cancelled if a fire follows an agency inspection; Rs 5,000 for late renewal (2023 order, directions 2, 7, 8 and 11)
Sikkim Sikkim Gazette 226Sikkim Fire and Emergency Services Act; Rules 2025Up to Rs 10,000 or 3 months or both (ss.35, 38)Rs 1,000 a dayCertificate cancelled and the building may not be occupied (s.25)
Tamil Nadu TN Act 40 of 1985TN Fire Service Act 1985 (the 2025 Act is not yet in force)A fine up to Rs 500 (s.15); Rs 50,000 or 3 months under the 2025 Act once it startsUp to Rs 3,000 a day under the 2025 ActObstruction or a false report up to 3 months or Rs 500 (ss.16, 17)
Telangana TG Fire Service ActTelangana Fire Service Act 1999Up to 3 months or a fine up to Rs 25,000, or both (s.31); at least 1 month and Rs 5,000 absent special reasonsUp to Rs 3,000 a day after the first convictionLiable to be proceeded against for breaking NOC conditions (s.13(d)); builders, architects and site engineers prosecuted for deviation (ss.31, 32)
Tripura Tripura Act 12 of 2025Tripura Act 2022, amended by Act 12 of 2025Fines only: up to Rs 20,000 (s.30); up to Rs 5 lakh for a false self-certificate (s.26(A))Up to Rs 1,000 a day, Rs 2 lakh in allSeal removal stays up to 3 months or Rs 25,000 (s.54(5))
Uttar Pradesh UP Act 16 of 2022UP Fire and Emergency Services Act 2022 (Act 10 of 2026 not yet notified)Up to 3 months or Rs 10,000 or both (ss.36, 39)Up to Rs 1,000 a daySealing of a dangerous building (s.58)
Uttarakhand Government of UttarakhandUttarakhand fire Act 2016Up to Rs 1 lakh, and jail up to 2 years in the English text or 10 years in the Hindi text (s.21)Up to Rs 5,000 a daySealing by the District Magistrate (s.16)
West Bengal Indian Kanoonnews reportWest Bengal Fire Services Act 1950 (Chapter IIIA)3 years extendable to 5, or Rs 20,000 extendable to Rs 5 lakh, or both (s.11J)Rs 1,000 to Rs 10,000 a day after convictionA licensed agency's false certificate: the same range (s.11K)
Andaman and Nicobar Islands (UT) Gazette of India Extraordinary, Part II Section 1, No. 19, 25 May 2026Fire and Emergency Service Regulation 2026 (Regulation 5), applying from its start dateUp to Rs 10,000 or 3 months or both (s.43)Up to Rs 1,000 a dayA cancelled certificate ends the right to occupy (s.27(3))
Chandigarh (UT) Gazette of IndiaHaryana Act 2022 as extended by S.O. 2264(E) of 6 May 2026A penalty up to Rs 1 lakh imposed by the Chief Fire Officer; double for a repeat (s.30)None listedPower, water and sewer cut and sealing (s.47); no occupation certificate bar
Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu (UT) Gazette of India ExtraordinaryFire and Emergency Service Regulation 2026, in force 7 July 2026Up to 3 months or Rs 10,000 or both (s.46); a penalty up to Rs 10,000 (s.50)Up to Rs 1,000 a dayNo power, water or occupancy certificate without the certificate (s.29(3)); sealing (s.62)
Delhi (NCT) CaseminestudyDelhi Fire Service Act 2007Chapter VI: up to 6 months or Rs 50,000 or both (s.37); other breaches up to 3 months or Rs 10,000 (s.52)Up to Rs 3,000 a day (s.37)Occupants out and building sealed (s.44)
Jammu and Kashmir (UT) PRS copyJ&K Fire Force Act 1967A fine up to Rs 500 (s.22)None listedObstruction up to 3 months or Rs 500 (s.23)
Ladakh (UT) Gazette notification S.O. 140J&K Fire Force Act 1967 with the Ladakh Fire Prevention and Fire Safety Rules 2025A fine up to Rs 500 under the 1967 Act; the 2025 Rules have no penalty clauseNone listedCertificate may be cancelled, with the licensing authority told (rule 15(3))
Lakshadweep (UT) Lakshadweep GazetteFire and Emergency Service Regulation 3 of 2026Running a covered building without a certificate: up to Rs 10,000 (s.50)Up to Rs 1,000 a daySeal removal up to 3 months or Rs 25,000 (s.63)
Puducherry (UT) Puducherry G.O. 61No fire Act; G.O.Ms.No.61 and the 1966 Office MemorandumNo statutory fire fine or prison termNot applicableTrade licence and occupancy certificate withheld; agency licence suspended or cancelled

"None listed" means the state's Act, as Flamekite read it, sets no daily fine for that offence. Each row matches the penalties section of the state's Flamekite page; Ladakh's comes from the 2025 Rules and the J&K Act. Late fees for a lapsed renewal are on the fire NOC fees page.

Fire NOC penalty figures: the highest, the lowest and the daily fines

The range is 1,000 times wide: Rs 500 under five old Acts against Rs 5 lakh in Assam and West Bengal.

  • Rs 5,00,000

    Top of Assam's fine for occupying a high-risk building without a certificate (s.26(4)) Assam Act LIII of 2025

  • 5 years

    Longest prison term: West Bengal, s.11J, for running a covered building without the required fire safety Indian Kanoonnews report

  • Rs 1,00,000

    Gujarat's top fine under s.39(1), with 1 month to 2 years in prison Gujarat Gazette

  • Rs 50,000

    Top fine for breaching the building chapter in Delhi, Bihar and Jharkhand, with up to 6 months Government of Jharkhand

  • Rs 5,000 a day

    Highest daily fine: Uttarakhand (s.21) and Assam's high-risk class Government of Uttarakhand

  • Rs 3,000 a day

    Daily fine in Gujarat, Delhi, Bihar, Jharkhand and Punjab's general clause Punjab Gazette

  • Rs 500

    Fine cap in the Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Odisha and J&K Acts TN Act 40 of 1985

  • Rs 2,000

    Bottom of Rajasthan's municipal fine of Rs 2,000 to Rs 5,000 (s.291) LawGistnews report

Penalty for no Fire Safety Officer: the per-m² monthly fine by state

The fine that grows fastest is not for the missing certificate but for the missing Fire Safety Officer: most Acts charge Rs 10 to Rs 50 per m² of the building for every month after a 30-day notice.

OffencePenaltyLaw
No Fire Safety Officer (Delhi)Rs 10 to Rs 50 per m² of floor area a month, recovered as land revenueDelhi Fire Service Act 2007, s.31(2) Caseminestudy
No Fire Safety Officer (Bihar)Rs 10 to Rs 50 per m² of area owned or occupied, each monthBihar Act 2014, s.31(2) Bihar Act 6 of 2014
No Fire Safety Officer (Jharkhand)Rs 10 to Rs 50 per m² a month, owners and occupiers jointly and severally liableJharkhand Act 2024, s.31 Government of Jharkhand
No Fire Safety Officer (Uttar Pradesh)Rs 10 to Rs 50 per m² of built-up area a monthUP Act 2022, s.33 UP Act 16 of 2022
No Fire Safety Officer (Haryana)Rs 10 to Rs 50 per m² a month, common areas includedHaryana Act 2022, s.26 Government of Haryana
No Fire Safety Officer (Chandigarh)Rs 100 to Rs 200 per m² a month, common areas includedHaryana Act s.26 as extended by S.O. 2264(E), 2026 Gazette of India
No Fire Safety Officer (Uttarakhand)Rs 10 to Rs 50 per m² a month, doubled after 3 monthsUttarakhand Act 2016, s.10 Government of Uttarakhand
No Fire Safety Officer (Nagaland)Rs 20 to Rs 50 per m² for each month of defaultNagaland Act 2023, s.32 Directorate of Fire and Emergency Services, Nagaland
No Fire Safety Officer (Assam)Rs 20,000 to Rs 1 lakh, a fixed fine instead of a per-m² chargeAssam Act 2025, s.40 Assam Act LIII of 2025
No Fire Safety Officer (Sikkim)Rs 10 to Rs 50 per m² a month; compoundable up to Rs 20,000Sikkim Act, s.32; rule 49 Sikkim Gazette 226
No Fire Safety Officer (Chhattisgarh, Manipur, Tripura, DNH and DD, Lakshadweep, A&N)Rs 10 to Rs 50 per m² for each monthCG s.19(2); Manipur s.32; Tripura s.32; DNH and DD s.43; Lakshadweep s.43; A&N s.41 Government of Manipur

These levies are counted per month and per square metre, so on a large building they can exceed every other fine in the same Act. Tamil Nadu's 2025 Act sets the same Rs 10 to Rs 50 (s.39), but only once it commences.

Fire NOC fine worked examples: the most the law allows

Flamekite’s working from the official rules; no government publishes this figure.

Flamekite's own arithmetic from each Act's ceiling, for buildings we describe. These are maximums the law allows, not what an officer or court will order.

  1. Case 1

    A 3,000 m² Delhi office with no Fire Safety Officer for 6 months

    A building that s.31 requires to have one

    What applies Rs 10 to Rs 50 x 3,000 m² x 6 months = Rs 1.8 lakh to Rs 9 lakh, recoverable as land revenue. Caseminestudy

  2. Case 2

    The same building in Chandigarh after 6 May 2026

    Haryana Act as extended to Chandigarh

    What applies Rs 100 to Rs 200 x 3,000 m² x 6 months = Rs 18 lakh to Rs 36 lakh: ten times the Delhi figure. Gazette of India

  3. Case 3

    A 2,000 m² high-risk building in Punjab with no certificate

    High-risk class under s.42(3)

    What applies A fine up to Rs 25,000 at once; if still without a certificate after 60 days, sealing plus Rs 10 x 2,000 m² = Rs 20,000. Section 64 raises money penalties 5% a year. Punjab Gazette

  4. Case 4

    An Assam hotel of high risk occupied for 30 days without a certificate

    High-risk class under s.26(4)

    What applies Rs 1 lakh to Rs 5 lakh, plus up to Rs 5,000 x 30 days = Rs 1.5 lakh: at most Rs 6.5 lakh, set by an Adjudicating Officer, not a court. Assam Act LIII of 2025

  5. Case 5

    A Tripura building occupied for 6 months after its certificate was cancelled

    General offence under s.30 as substituted

    What applies Up to Rs 20,000 plus Rs 1,000 x 180 days = Rs 2 lakh, which is exactly the cap; the Act stops there. Tripura Act 12 of 2025

  6. Case 6

    A Gujarat mall with equipment not maintained for 30 days

    An offence under s.39(1)

    What applies Rs 10,000 to Rs 1 lakh or 1 month to 2 years or both, plus up to Rs 3,000 x 30 = Rs 90,000. Gujarat Gazette

  7. Case 7

    A Bengaluru high-rise that ignores a fire precaution order

    Karnataka Fire Force Act 1964

    What applies The Act's fine stops at Rs 500 (s.25); the heavier levers in Bengaluru have been power cuts and sealing. CaseMinestudy

  8. Case 8

    A Kolkata hotel without its Fire Safety Certificate

    A building under Chapter IIIA of the West Bengal Act

    What applies 3 to 5 years, or Rs 20,000 to Rs 5 lakh, or both, then Rs 1,000 to Rs 10,000 a day if it continues after conviction (s.11J). Indian Kanoonnews report

Sealing and disconnection: the non-fine penalties for no fire NOC

In at least 15 laws the fire service can empty and seal a dangerous building, and most add power and water cuts. Breaking the seal is a separate offence, usually up to 3 months or Rs 25,000.

  • Haryana s.47

    Power, water and sewer cut, then sealing

    Occupants are removed and the building sealed; Chandigarh has the same power under the extended Act. Government of Haryana

  • Maharashtra s.8

    Imminent danger order

    The Director or Chief Fire Officer may order occupants out, have power and water disconnected, call the police and seal the premises. Maharashtra Act 2006

  • Gujarat s.26

    Imminent danger order

    The Director, Regional Fire Officer or Chief Fire Officer can order occupants out, cut power and water and seal; tampering with a seal is cognizable and non-bailable (s.40). Gujarat Gazette

  • Assam ss.33, 35

    Licence cancelled and power cut

    The Director can cancel the trade licence, cut the power supply and seal; removing a seal costs Rs 50,000 to Rs 1 lakh. Assam Act LIII of 2025

  • DNH and DD s.62

    Declared unfit and sealed

    Occupants removed, electricity and water cut and the building sealed; breaking the Sub-divisional Magistrate's seal is up to 3 months or Rs 25,000 (s.63). Gazette of India Extraordinary

  • Punjab s.42

    Sealing on 24 hours' notice

    A low-risk building without a certificate is sealed 45 days after the fine, on 24 hours' notice; breaking a seal is up to 6 months and Rs 50,000 (s.50). Punjab Gazette

  • Odisha rules 19, 20

    Cancellation and disconnection

    The certificate is cancelled after 15 days to show cause, utilities disconnect, and a dangerous premises is sealed with a magistrate's help after Form-VIII notice. LegitQuestnews report

  • Chhattisgarh rule 45

    Four sanctions in one rule

    Cancellation after 15 days' show-cause, power and water cut, licence cancellation and sealing. CG Gazette

  • Bihar and Jharkhand s.44

    Director's seal

    A dangerous building is sealed; removing the seal is up to 3 months or Rs 25,000 or both. Bihar Act 6 of 2014

  • Uttarakhand s.16

    District Magistrate's seal

    Removing it is up to 3 months and Rs 25,000, "up to" in the English text and "not less than" in the Hindi. Government of Uttarakhand

Occupancy certificate and licence bars: the hidden fire NOC penalty

Before any fine, the law often stops the paperwork: no occupancy certificate, no power or water connection, no trade licence. Which bar applies depends on where the building is.

  1. If The building is in Haryana

    Section 19(5) bars the occupation certificate until the Fire Safety Certificate is granted. Government of Haryana

  2. If The building is in Chandigarh

    S.O. 2264(E) of 6 May 2026 omits section 19(5), so there is no occupation certificate bar there, though sealing powers remain. Gazette of India

  3. If The building is in Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu

    Section 29(3) of the 2026 Regulation bars electricity and water connections and the occupancy certificate without a Fire Safety Certificate. Gazette of India Extraordinary

  4. If The building is in Andhra Pradesh

    Section 13(5) stops the authority granting building permission or an occupancy certificate without the NOC or certificate. Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly

  5. If The building is in Arunachal Pradesh or Andaman and Nicobar

    Section 26(2) in Arunachal and section 26(3) of the A&N Regulation bar the occupancy certificate until fire measures or approval are in place. Government of Arunachal Pradesh

  6. If You need a trade licence in Assam

    Rule 18 as amended in 2025 lets the District Commissioner issue it only after the Fire Safety Certificate. Assam Rules 2025

  7. If You run a trade in Goa

    The DFES circular of 10 December 2025 makes trade licences liable to suspension or revocation without a valid fire NOC. DFES Goa circular

  8. If You apply for a trade licence in Puducherry

    Since the Office Memorandum of 4 May 1966 the Commissioner must obtain the fire NOC first, and G.O.Ms.No.61 holds back the occupancy certificate. Puducherry G.O. 61

  9. If Your certificate is cancelled in Uttar Pradesh

    Rule 46 reports it to the licensing authority to cancel the licence of a cinema, hospital, factory, hotel or warehouse. LegitQueststudy

  10. If The building is in Telangana

    Section 13(c) of the 1999 Act stops plan approval where a required NOC is missing. TSDRFS circular 2016

Who can prosecute a fire NOC offence, and which court fines you

In almost every fire Act, a court takes up an offence only on a written complaint from the Director or an officer he authorises, and the lowest court that can try it is fixed by the Act.

  1. Bihar and Jharkhand

    Only the Director's complaint starts a case (s.56), before a Judicial Magistrate of the first class or higher (s.57). Government of Jharkhand

  2. Punjab, Uttarakhand and Arunachal Pradesh

    No court below a Chief Judicial Magistrate tries the offence: Punjab ss.66 and 67, Uttarakhand ss.28 and 29, Arunachal s.55. Punjab Gazette

  3. Haryana

    The Sub-Divisional Magistrate tries offences (s.35), only on a complaint by the Director or a Fire Officer (s.34). Government of Haryana

  4. Assam

    No court at all for most fines: an officer not below District Fire Officer adjudicates after a hearing (s.58), appeal to the Regional Fire Officer within 30 days. Assam Act LIII of 2025

  5. Chandigarh

    The Chief Fire Officer imposes the penalty of up to Rs 1 lakh himself under the extended section 30. Gazette of India

  6. Madhya Pradesh, once the Act starts

    A Sub-divisional Magistrate or higher imposes penalties after a hearing (s.23); appeals within 30 days (s.25). Government of Madhya Pradesh

  7. Himachal Pradesh

    Only on the Chief Fire Officer's complaint, before a Judicial Magistrate 1st class or higher (ss.12-A, 12-B). Department of Fire Services, Himachal Pradesh

  8. Company officers

    Where a company offends, the persons in charge of its business are liable with it: A&N s.47, Himachal s.11-A, Jharkhand s.62. Gazette of India Extraordinary, Part II Section 1, No. 19, 25 May 2026

Compounding a fire NOC penalty: the fees and limits by state

Compounding settles an offence for a sum instead of a trial. Only a few states publish the sum; most leave it to a notification not yet made, and none allows it while a notice is still unmet.

As published

Andaman and Nicobar lets the Nominated Authority compound offences, but not a failure to obey a notice until it is obeyed (s.48). The West Bengal Act names the District Magistrate as compounding authority, while the WBFES FAQ says the Director General compounds.

Criminal charges after fatal fires: beyond the fire Act penalty

From news reports, not yet an official source.

When a fire kills, police have charged owners under the general criminal law, not only the fire Act, and the fire Act's own fine becomes the smaller problem.

In Rajkot, the TRP Game Zone fire of 25 May 2024 killed 27 people; the facility ran without a fire NOC and six partners were booked for culpable homicide not amounting to murder. In Lucknow, after the Aliganj fire of 22 June 2026, four people including the owner were arrested on the same charge.

In Delhi, the owner of the Malviya Nagar guest house where 21 died on 3 June 2026 was arrested and a culpable homicide case registered under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita. Using a forged fire NOC is a separate crime: police in Arang, Chhattisgarh, booked a hospital operator under BNS section 318(4) in October 2026.

Some fire Acts now write in a death or injury aggravation of their own. Punjab's section 57 allows prison up to 1 year (low risk) or 2 years (medium and high) where an offence is followed by a fire causing death or grievous hurt, unless the fault was fixed before the fire, and Telangana's August 2026 draft proposes up to 3 years and Rs 5 lakh.

Fatal fires where the missing fire NOC led to arrests
WhatThe ruleSource
Rajkot, 25 May 202427 dead; no fire NOC; six partners booked for culpable homicideThe Weeknews report
Lucknow, 22 June 20264 arrested including the owner, on a culpable homicide charge; 6 LDA officials suspended; 12 coaching institutes and libraries sealedFree Press Journalnews report
Delhi, 3 June 202621 dead; owner and a cook arrested; culpable homicide case under the BNSIANSnews report
Arang, October 2026Hospital operator booked for a forged fire NOC, BNS s.318(4)Medical Dialoguesnews report
Telangana draft, 14 August 2026Proposed up to 3 years and Rs 5 lakh where negligence causes death; 6 months and Rs 1 lakh where life is put at riskSiasatnews report

Fire NOC penalty drives and sealing in 2026, latest first

From news reports, not yet an official source.

City and district drives, mostly after a fatal fire. None of them changed a fire Act; they used powers the laws above already give. Checked 24 October 2026.

  • Ranchi Municipal Corporation gives 10 coaching institutes 24 hours to produce permits, a fire NOC among them, or be sealed. Tarun Mitranews report

  • Jammu's Municipal Commissioner gives businesses in Jewel Chowk, Bakshi Nagar and Subhash Nagar 30 to 45 days to get a fire NOC, with no coercive action for those who apply. Jammu MC

  • Jammu Municipal Corporation gives hospitals, hotels and lodges 7 days to produce a fire NOC, then legal action including sealing. Jammu MC

  • Ranchi gives owners of buildings that need a fire NOC under the Bye-laws 2016 7 days to complete the process, or face sealing. Khabar Mantranews report

  • Lucknow seals 12 coaching institutes and libraries after the Aliganj fire; the owner and 3 others are arrested. Free Press Journalnews report

  • Indore Municipal Corporation and the district seal 18 more establishments, taking the city's total to 151. Free Press Journalnews report

  • Bhopal Municipal Corporation serves notices on 50 establishments, among them Hamidia Hospital, 10 high-rises and about 40 coaching centres; Tulsi Tower's fire NOC had already been cancelled. Free Press Journalnews report

  • Delhi's Revenue Department serves notices on 72 sites in the Malviya Nagar subdivision, with sealing and demolitions. UNInews report

  • Bihar orders 5 hospitals and 6 hotels in Patna sealed after audits of about 250 premises. Patna Pressnews report

  • Raipur's fire brigade asks the corporation to stop gumasta licences for complexes, firms, institutions and hotels without a fire NOC. Patrikanews report

  • After the Arpora nightclub fire killed 25, officials say the club allegedly had no fire NOC; Goa's DFES then ties trade licences to a valid fire clearance on 10 December. PTInews report

How fire NOC penalties changed, 1962 to 2026

The oldest fire Acts still in force cap fines at Rs 500; since 2024 the new laws have swung between higher fines and removing prison terms.

  1. 1962 to 1967

    Kerala (1962), Karnataka (1964) and Jammu and Kashmir (1967) set fire fines of up to Rs 500, still the caps today. Kerala Act 20 of 1962

  2. 29 December 1993

    Odisha's Fire Service Act is gazetted with a Rs 500 fine for ignoring notified precautions. Orissa Act 30 of 1993

  3. 2000

    Himachal raises obstruction from 3 months or Rs 500 to 1 year or Rs 5,000. Department of Fire Services, Himachal Pradesh

  4. 2007

    The Delhi Fire Service Act sets 6 months or Rs 50,000 plus Rs 3,000 a day for its building chapter; Bihar's 2014 and Jharkhand's 2024 Acts carry the same figures. Caseminestudy

  5. 2013

    Gujarat's Act allows 1 month to 2 years or Rs 10,000 to Rs 1 lakh under s.39(1). Gujarat Gazette

  6. 27 March 2014

    Bihar's Fire Service Act is gazetted with the Delhi-style s.37 penalty. Bihar Act 6 of 2014

  7. 2019

    The Centre's Model Bill proposes 3 months or Rs 10,000 plus Rs 1,000 a day, and Rs 10 to Rs 50 per m² for a missing Fire Safety Officer. DGFS, MHA

  8. 2024

    Punjab's Act grades fines by risk class, seals buildings without a certificate after 60 days and raises money penalties 5% a year. Punjab Gazette

  9. 4 November 2025

    Tripura's Act No. 12 of 2025 removes prison terms and caps the general fine at Rs 2 lakh. Tripura Act 12 of 2025

  10. 2 December 2025

    Goa's Jan Vishwas Ordinance turns the section 21 fine into a penalty of up to Rs 10,000. Goa Ordinance 4 of 2025

  11. 24 December 2025

    Assam's 2025 Act replaces the 1985 Act: fines of Rs 10,000 to Rs 5 lakh, no prison. Assam Act LIII of 2025

  12. 6 May 2026

    The Haryana Act reaches Chandigarh with penalties up to Rs 1 lakh imposed by the Chief Fire Officer. Gazette of India

  13. 11 May 2026

    Arunachal Pradesh's 2026 Act comes into force with fines of Rs 5,000 to Rs 50,000. Government of Arunachal Pradesh

  14. 7 July 2026

    The DNH and DD Regulation 2026 comes into force with the Model Bill's penalty chapter. Gazette of India Extraordinary

Fire NOC penalty myths, checked against the Acts

Seven beliefs about fire NOC fines and prison, each tested against a state law.

  • You may have read

    The fire NOC penalty is the same across India.

    Myth

    What the sources say

    It runs from a Rs 500 fine in Karnataka to Rs 5 lakh and 5 years in West Bengal; each state sets its own. Indian Kanoonnews report

  • You may have read

    A missing fire NOC can only bring a fine, never jail.

    Myth

    What the sources say

    West Bengal allows 3 to 5 years (s.11J), Gujarat up to 2 years (s.39(1)) and Meghalaya up to 2 years (s.20(1)). Meghalaya Act 5 of 2012

  • You may have read

    A fire officer can fine or jail you on the spot.

    Myth

    What the sources say

    In most Acts only a court can, on the Director's written complaint; Assam and Chandigarh are exceptions where an officer imposes the fine after a hearing. Bihar Act 6 of 2014

  • You may have read

    Paying the fine settles everything.

    Myth

    What the sources say

    Compounding is barred while a notice stays unmet in Bihar, Jharkhand, Manipur and Nagaland, and a continuing daily fine keeps running. Directorate of Fire and Emergency Services, Nagaland

  • You may have read

    Tripura still sends fire offenders to prison.

    Myth

    What the sources say

    Act No. 12 of 2025 replaced the prison terms in 6 sections with fines; only seal removal (s.54(5)) keeps a 3-month term. Tripura Act 12 of 2025

  • You may have read

    Puducherry fines buildings without a fire NOC.

    Myth

    What the sources say

    Puducherry has no fire Act; the cost is a trade licence or occupancy certificate withheld. Puducherry G.O. 61

  • You may have read

    Himachal's Act punishes a missing NOC.

    Myth

    What the sources say

    It sets no separate penalty for running without a NOC; it punishes obstruction and false alarms. Department of Fire Services, Himachal Pradesh

Fire NOC penalty traps: when one breach becomes several fines

A single missing certificate can stack up offences. These are the multipliers written into the Acts.

  • If Waiting out a notice while a daily fine runs

    Uttarakhand allows up to Rs 5,000 for each day after s.21 applies; start the fix the day the notice arrives. Government of Uttarakhand

  • If Repeating the offence in Chandigarh

    The extended s.30 doubles the Rs 1 lakh penalty for a repeat; Punjab doubles s.58 fines for a habitual offender. Gazette of India

  • If Breaking a fire service seal to reopen

    A separate offence: up to 3 months or Rs 25,000 in Bihar, Jharkhand, Haryana, UP and Tripura; Rs 50,000 to Rs 1 lakh in Assam. UP Act 16 of 2022

  • If Misrepresenting facts to get a Punjab certificate

    Up to Rs 10,000, Rs 15,000 or Rs 25,000 and cancellation, and the Qualified Agency involved pays Rs 3,000 per instance (s.44). Punjab Gazette

  • If A false self-certificate in Tripura

    Up to Rs 5 lakh under s.26(A), far above the Rs 20,000 for the missing certificate itself. Tripura Act 12 of 2025

  • If Changing the use of an Assam building

    Rs 50,000 to Rs 5 lakh under s.27, and a fresh certificate before use. Assam Act LIII of 2025

  • If Not filing periodic returns in Punjab

    Rs 5,000 plus up to Rs 100 to Rs 500 per working day, paid before renewal (s.45). Punjab Gazette

Fire NOC penalty terms: compounding, cognizable, adjudication and more

The 8 legal words that appear in fire Act penalty chapters, with the Act that uses each.

Compounding
Settling an offence by paying a sum instead of facing trial; Delhi allows up to Rs 50,000 under s.54. DFS
Cognizable and non-bailable
Police may arrest without a warrant and bail is at the court's discretion; West Bengal treats not taking a Fire Safety Certificate this way. West Bengal Fire and Emergency Services
Adjudicating Officer
In Assam, an officer not below District Fire Officer who fixes the fine after a hearing instead of a court (s.58). Assam Act LIII of 2025
Continuing offence
A breach that goes on after notice or conviction and draws a daily fine, such as Rs 1,000 to Rs 10,000 a day in West Bengal. Indian Kanoonnews report
Civil penalty
A money penalty without a criminal record, the form UP's Act 10 of 2026 gives sections 36 and 39, up to Rs 75,000. Government of Uttar Pradesh
Recovered as land revenue
Unpaid Fire Safety Officer levies are collected like land revenue arrears, for example under Delhi's s.31(2). Caseminestudy
Risk class
Punjab and Assam grade fines by low, moderate or medium, and high risk; Punjab's high-risk fine starts at up to Rs 25,000. Punjab Gazette
Habitual offender
Under Punjab's s.58, a repeat offender whose fine is doubled. Punjab Gazette

After a fire NOC penalty notice: what to do and what to avoid

Most Acts reward a quick fix: compounding opens only once the notice is obeyed, and appeals run to short deadlines.

Do

  • Reply to a Punjab show-cause notice within its window: the Act gives at least 2 working days and a hearing before sealing (s.63). Punjab Gazette
  • Appeal an Assam fine to the Regional Fire Officer within 30 days; it is decided within 60. Assam Act LIII of 2025
  • Appeal a Uttarakhand notice or order to the District Magistrate within 30 days (s.20). Government of Uttarakhand
  • Fix the fault before asking to compound: Bihar and Jharkhand refuse compounding while a notice is unmet. Government of Jharkhand

Don’t

  • Don't break or remove a fire service seal: in Gujarat it is cognizable and non-bailable (s.40). Gujarat Gazette
  • Don't occupy a building after its certificate is cancelled: Manipur, Nagaland and Arunachal end the right to occupy. Government of Manipur
  • Don't buy or show a forged NOC: Chhattisgarh police booked a hospital operator in October 2026 when its QR code gave a different date. Medical Dialoguesnews report

Fire NOC penalties Flamekite could not confirm

These penalty gaps are real on 24 October 2026. Any page that prints a figure for them should show the instrument it came from.

  • Maharashtra: no specific penalty for not filing Form B; Flamekite reads it as falling under section 36(2)(c), 6 months to 3 years and a fine, but no court or MFS statement confirms that. MFS Act 2006 copy
  • Madhya Pradesh's section 18 amounts in Act 16 of 2026: the gazette page is damaged and waits for a person's proof-read; the Rs 5 lakh figure is the press account. Government of Madhya Pradesh
  • Whether West Bengal's Act VIII of 2022 changed the s.11J and s.11K amounts, which come from a legal database copy of the 1996 text. Indian Kanoonnews report
  • Delhi's prison term for breaking a seal under s.44: not legible in the gazette scan, so only the Rs 25,000 fine is stated. Caseminestudy
  • Uttarakhand's s.21 prison term: 2 years in the English text, 10 years in the Hindi text. Government of Uttarakhand
  • Tripura's July 2025 renewal lapse fee of Rs 500 a day up to Rs 2 lakh: not repeated in the Act as passed in November 2025, so unconfirmed. High Court of Tripura/TFES/2025)
  • Compounding amounts in Bihar, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Manipur, Nagaland and DNH and DD: each Act leaves them to a notification Flamekite did not find. Gazette of India Extraordinary
  • Karnataka's amounts come from a CaseMine copy of the 1964 Act; the India Code copy refused connection. CaseMinestudy
  • Goa's 2026 Jan Vishwas Act that replaced the Ordinance: its own text was not read. Goa Ordinance 4 of 2025

Questions about fire NOC penalties

What is the penalty for not having a fire NOC?

It depends on the state. Fines run from Rs 500 in Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Odisha and J&K to Rs 5 lakh in Assam and West Bengal, where up to 5 years in prison is also possible. Most newer Acts add a daily fine and let the fire service seal the building.

What happens if a building has no fire NOC?

The fire service can issue a notice, then fine, cancel, cut power and water and seal the building, depending on the state's Act. Many states also refuse the occupancy certificate or trade licence, such as Haryana's s.19(5) and Assam's rule 18.

Is there jail for no fire NOC?

In some states, yes. West Bengal allows 3 to 5 years, Gujarat and Meghalaya up to 2 years, and Delhi, Bihar and Jharkhand up to 6 months for breaching the building chapter. For the main breach, Assam, Tripura, Goa and Chandigarh now use fines or penalties without prison.

Can a building be sealed for no fire NOC?

Yes. Most Acts let the Director seal a building dangerous to life or property, often with power and water cut, and Punjab seals a building without a certificate 60 days after the notice. Indore sealed 151 establishments by 24 June 2026.

What is the fine for not appointing a Fire Safety Officer?

Usually Rs 10 to Rs 50 per m² for every month of default after a 30-day notice, as in Delhi, Bihar, UP and Haryana. Chandigarh charges Rs 100 to Rs 200 per m² since 6 May 2026, and Assam a fixed Rs 20,000 to Rs 1 lakh.

Can a fire NOC offence be compounded?

Often yes, but not while a notice stays unmet. Delhi allows a compounding fee up to Rs 50,000, West Bengal Rs 20,000 to Rs 5 lakh on a plea of guilt, and Sikkim caps it at Rs 10,000 or Rs 20,000. Many states have not notified the amounts.

Who can file a case for a fire safety violation?

In most Acts only the Director of Fire Services or an officer he authorises, by written complaint to a Judicial Magistrate or higher. In Assam a District Fire Officer adjudicates the fine instead of a court.

What is the penalty if my fire NOC has expired?

An expired certificate is treated like having none, so the same penalties apply, and some states add a renewal late fee: from Rs 5 a day in Meghalaya to 25% of the certificate fee per 90 days in Gujarat. See the fees and renewal pages.

Keep reading

Keep exploring

Sources

Each source was opened and read on the date shown. How Flamekite checks its sources

  1. Directorate General Fire Services, Civil Defence and Home Guards (MHA): Revised Model Fire and Emergency Service Bill, 2019 (opens in a new tab)checked 26 October 2026
  2. Chhattisgarh Gazette Extraordinary No. 539, 20 October 2021 (on the CG Fire NOC portal): Chhattisgarh Fire and Emergency Service Rules, 2021 (Hindi), Home Department notification of 7 October 2021: rules 33 to 45 (opens in a new tab)checked 25 October 2026
  3. Home and Political Department, Government of Assam: Assam Fire and Emergency Services (Amendment) Rules, 2025, notification No. HMB.699902/23 signed 17 October 2025: rules 2(xa), 18, 18A to 18D and Form G (opens in a new tab)checked 24 October 2026
  4. Directorate of Fire and Emergency Services, Goa: Circular DFES/FP/CIRCULAR/25-26/268, 10 December 2025: Fire and Life Safety Guidelines for all Occupancies (opens in a new tab)checked 25 October 2026
  5. Telangana State Disaster Response and Fire Services Department: Circular Memorandum Rc.No.4039-2/EODB/2015, 5 March 2016: revision of the period of renewal of NOC, risk categories and random inspections (quotes section 13 of the Fire Service Act, 1999) (opens in a new tab)checked 25 October 2026
  6. Jammu and Kashmir Official Gazette (Extraordinary), copy hosted by the Housing and Urban Development Department: J&K Official Gazette, Vol. 134, No. 39-4, 24 December 2021: the Jammu and Kashmir Unified Building Bye-Laws, 2021 (opens in a new tab)checked 24 October 2026
Show all 68 sourcesShow fewer
  1. Government of Puducherry, Home Department (copy hosted by the Fire Service Department): G.O.Ms.No.61, 10 September 2025: Fire Safety Audit and Issue of NOC, Third Party Fire Safety Audit, Categories A, B and C, renewal, temporary licences, and Annexures I to V on licensed agencies and the Category C protocol (opens in a new tab)checked 25 October 2026
  2. Assam Gazette Extraordinary No. 811, 24 December 2025 (PRS copy of the gazette): The Assam Fire and Emergency Services Act, 2025 (Assam Act No. LIII of 2025), notification No. LGL.52/2025/3: sections 1 to 67 and Schedule I (opens in a new tab)checked 25 October 2026
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  4. Gazette of India, Ministry of Home Affairs (copy hosted by TaxHeal): S.O. 2264(E) of 6 May 2026: the Haryana Fire and Emergency Services Act, 2022 extended to the Union territory of Chandigarh, with modifications (opens in a new tab)checked 25 October 2026
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  6. Bihar Gazette Extraordinary, 27 March 2014 (copy hosted by Bihar Fire Service): Bihar Fire Service Act, 2014 (Bihar Act 6 of 2014): sections 1, 2, 20, 29 to 37, 44 and 49 to 57 (opens in a new tab)checked 24 October 2026
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  8. Government of Arunachal Pradesh (PRS copy of AP Gazette Extraordinary No. 128, 11 May 2026): Arunachal Pradesh Fire and Emergency Services Act, 2026 (Act 12 of 2026) (opens in a new tab)checked 24 October 2026
  9. Chhattisgarh Gazette Extraordinary No. 300, 18 August 2018 (on the CG Fire NOC portal): Chhattisgarh Fire and Emergency Service Act, 2018 (No. 19 of 2018), Hindi and English text: sections 1, 2, 14 to 20, 26, 28, 32 to 35, 41 and 47 to 58 (opens in a new tab)checked 24 October 2026
  10. Government of Goa, Official Gazette Series I No. 36 (Extraordinary), 9 December 2025 (PRS Legislative Research copy): The Goa Jan Vishwas (Laws Amendment) Ordinance, 2025 (Ordinance No. 4 of 2025), promulgated 2 December 2025: Schedule I item 3 amends sections 20 and 21 of the Goa Fire Force Act, 1986 (opens in a new tab)checked 24 October 2026
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  44. CaseMine (legal database): Karnataka Fire Force Act, 1964: sections 24 and 25 (opens in a new tab)Peer-reviewed study · checked 24 October 2026
  45. Casemine (secondary copy of the Act text): Delhi Fire Service Act, 2007: sections 29, 31, 37, 44, 49, 52 and 54 (opens in a new tab)Peer-reviewed study · checked 24 October 2026
  46. LegitQuest (legal database copy): Odisha Fire Prevention and Fire Safety Rules, 2017: rules 2, 9 to 21 as first made (opens in a new tab)News report · checked 24 October 2026
  47. The Siasat Daily, 14 August 2026: Telangana proposes 3-year jail, fine for fatal fire safety violations: draft amendments to the Fire Service Act 1999 (up to 3 years and Rs 5 lakh where negligence causes death; 6 months and Rs 1 lakh where life is put at risk) (opens in a new tab)News report · checked 24 October 2026
  48. Free Press Journal: MP Assembly passes fire safety Bill, fines up to Rs 5 lakh for norm violations (opens in a new tab)News report · checked 24 October 2026
  49. Indian Kanoon (legal database copy of the 1996 text): West Bengal Fire Services Act, 1950: sections 2(ha), 2(hb), 11C to 11K and 38B (copy predates the 2018 and 2022 amendments) (opens in a new tab)News report · checked 24 October 2026
  50. LawGist (legal database copy of the Act): Rajasthan Municipalities Act, 2009, section 291: fine of Rs 2,000 to Rs 5,000 for breaches not otherwise provided (opens in a new tab)News report · checked 24 October 2026
  51. The Week (PTI): Rajkot game zone fire: FIR against 6 partners; two arrested (26 May 2024) (opens in a new tab)News report · checked 24 October 2026
  52. Free Press Journal, 25 June 2026: UP govt cracks down on coaching centres after Lucknow fire tragedy; several institutes sealed across state (opens in a new tab)News report · checked 24 October 2026
  53. IANS: Delhi fire: hotel owner arrested after 21 killed in Malviya Nagar fire (3 June 2026) (opens in a new tab)News report · checked 24 October 2026
  54. Medical Dialogues: Chhattisgarh hospital operator booked over suspected forgery of fire safety NOC (18 October 2026) (opens in a new tab)News report · checked 24 October 2026
  55. Tarun Mitra, 17 October 2026: Final notice to 10 coaching institutes in Ranchi, 24-hour ultimatum (opens in a new tab)News report · checked 24 October 2026
  56. Khabar Mantra, 26 June 2026: Ranchi Nagar Nigam orders: obtain fire NOC within 7 days or the building will be sealed (opens in a new tab)News report · checked 24 October 2026
  57. Free Press Journal: 'No proper fire safety, no permission to operate': 18 more buildings sealed in Indore after Lucknow tragedy (25 June 2026) (opens in a new tab)News report · checked 24 October 2026
  58. Free Press Journal: Fire safety violations: notices to 40 coaching centres and Hamidia Hospital, Bhopal (24 June 2026) (opens in a new tab)News report · checked 24 October 2026
  59. UNI: Malviya Nagar fire: Delhi Revenue Department inspects guest houses, hotels, restaurants; notices served to 72 violating norms (opens in a new tab)News report · checked 24 October 2026
  60. Patna Press, 6 June 2026: Bihar Government orders sealing of five hospitals and six hotels in Patna; notice issued to Khan Global Studies (opens in a new tab)News report · checked 24 October 2026
  61. Patrika: Raipur fire brigade asks the municipal corporation to stop gumasta licences without a fire NOC (5 June 2026, Hindi) (opens in a new tab)News report · checked 24 October 2026
  62. DT Next (Press Trust of India): 25 killed in Goa nightclub blaze; 4 arrested, 3 officials suspended; failure to enforce rules under scanner (8 December 2025) (opens in a new tab)News report · checked 24 October 2026